Whole lake responses to species invasion mediated by climate change

全湖对气候变化介导的物种入侵的反应

基本信息

批准号：
NE/H000577/1
负责人：
Jon Grey
金额：
$ 28.68万
依托单位：
Queen Mary University of London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2010 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FH000577%2F1
关键词：
Whole lake responses species invasion

项目摘要

Lake ecosystems face multiple stresses including nutrient enrichment, climate change and invasion of nonindigenous species. This latter stress is widely recognised as having a major impact on biodiversity and the functioning of ecosystems worldwide and its effects are increasing because human activity has enhanced rates of dispersal and climate change is opening new niches at high latitudes. Windermere, comprising two basins, is England's largest lake and one of the best studied in the world with detailed records extending back for up to 70 years. A marked deterioration in water quality has been observed in the last 10 to 15 years despite continued removal of a key nutrient, phosphorus, at the wastewater treatment works. For example, summer algal blooms have increased and concentrations of oxygen at depth have decreased. The numbers of the rare and protected fish, the Arctic charr, have also declined dramatically in recent years. These changes have coincided with the population expansion of a lower-latitude, nonindigenous species, the roach. In this project we will test the hypotheses that the roach expansion is a result of the documented warmer waters in Windermere and that the population increase has triggered a 'trophic cascade' leading to greater predation on the zooplankton, which in turn has reduced the algae from control by their grazer. We will also test whether the decline in Arctic charr numbers results from competition with roach, since both feed on the zooplankton. We are in a unique position to assess the long term ramifications of multiple stressors because of the wealth ecological and environmental data and preserved samples collected from Windermere for most of the last century. The project will involve targeted, detailed analysis of the long-term data, analysis of the historical archived fish and zooplankton samples, identification of food sources of the different fish populations and food-web structure using stable isotope analysis and studies of fish gut contents, hydroacoustic analysis to estimate fish density and location and modelling to estimate roach ecological niche, zooplankton grazing and algal growth. The project is relevant to current general ecological issues such as the importance of top-down-control, the effects of multiple stressors and possible species extinction caused by species invasion. The results will also be highly relevant to the management of lakes since if our hypotheses are correct, nutrient removal will need to be even more stringent in the face of climate change and disruption of food-chains caused by invasion of nonindigenous species.

湖生态系统面临多种压力，包括养分富集，气候变化和非土著物种的入侵。后一种压力被广泛认为是对生物多样性产生重大影响，并且全球生态系统的功能及其影响正在增加，因为人类活动增强了分散和气候变化的速度，在高纬度地区开放了新的壁nik。温德米尔（Windermere）由两个盆地组成，是英格兰最大的湖泊，是世界上研究的最佳湖泊之一，详细记录延伸了70年。尽管在废水处理厂继续去除关键营养素磷，但在过去的10到15年中，水质的明显恶化。例如，夏季藻华的开花增加，深度下的氧气浓度减少。近年来，稀有和受保护的鱼的数量也急剧下降。这些变化与较低纬度，非土著物种，蟑螂的种群扩展相吻合。在该项目中，我们将测试蟑螂扩张是温德米尔（Windermere）中较暖水的结果的假设，并且人口增加引发了“营养级联”，从而使浮游动物的捕食更大，这又降低了藻类的藻类。我们还将测试北极Charr数量的下降是否是与Roach竞争引起的，因为两者都以浮游动物为食。由于财富的生态和环境数据以及上世纪大部分时间里，我们处于多种压力源的长期影响，我们处于一个独特的位置。 The project will involve targeted, detailed analysis of the long-term data, analysis of the historical archived fish and zooplankton samples, identification of food sources of the different fish populations and food-web structure using stable isotope analysis and studies of fish gut contents, hydroacoustic analysis to estimate fish density and location and modelling to estimate roach ecological niche, zooplankton grazing and algal growth.该项目与当前的一般生态问题有关，例如自上而下的控制的重要性，多种压力源的影响以及物种侵入引起的可能物种灭绝。结果也将与湖泊的管理高度相关，因为如果我们的假设是正确的，面对气候变化并破坏了由于非土著物种的入侵而导致食品链的破坏，需要更严格地去除营养。