MICROORGANISMS THAT DEGRADE AROMATIC XENOBIOTIC POLLUTANTS

降解芳香族异生物污染物的微生物

• 批准号: 3777250
• 负责人: R H OLSEN
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3777250
• 关键词: DNA footprinting; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; anaerobiosis; anthracenes; benzene; bioreactors; biotransformation; carbopolycyclic compound; ecology; environmental contamination; environmental toxicology; enzyme mechanism; enzyme substrate; evolution; gene expression; genetic regulation; genetic strain; genetic transcription; ground water; high performance liquid chromatography; microorganism; microorganism classification; microorganism growth; microorganism metabolism; microorganism population study; molecular biology; neoplastic transformation; nitrification; nucleic acid sequence; oxygen; oxygen microelectrode; phenanthrene; physiology; soil microbiology; soil pollution; soil sampling; toxin metabolism; water pollution; water sampling /testing

Previous work has delineated some important physical and biological features which affect biodegradation processes associated with the bioreclamation of contaminated sites. Microorganisms have been isolated from both carbon filters and contaminant plumes which exhibit diversity in species and the metabolic pathway(s) used for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) degradation. In addition, studies related to the anaerobic degradation of chloroaromatic compounds suggest potential broad substrate specificity for the mechanisms associated with reductive dechlorination. This proposal incorporates knowledge gained in the previous project period towards the formulation of specific aims to further study microbial interactions attendant to bioreclamation and extends the purview of this work to studies of PAH and chlorinated aromatic compound(s) degradation as well. The major goals of Projects 0010, 0011, 0012 and 0013 are to evaluate microbial interactions in populations which contribute to the ascendancy of populations associated with biodegradation in simulated natural environments; to explore the utility of seeding BTEX contaminated soil with populations established on GAC; and to describe mechanisms for dechlorination by subcellular components of anaerobic bacteria. Particular attention will be focused on the influence of oxygen content and the influence of alternate electron acceptors on degradative processes in anoxic environments. For some projects, recombinant DNA technology will be employed to clone elements of degradative microorganisms into heterogenetic bacteria to further elucidate mechanisms associated with the regulation of these pathways. Multivariant molecular probes derived from "benchmark" microorganisms will be used to estimate population dynamics occurring during adaptation to a biodegradation process. These probes will be further utilized to study populations in simulated aquifer environments. In addition, mechanisms for reductive dechlorination will be assessed by examining the influence of natural metal-organics on the rates and extent of degradation on chlorinated organic compounds. Information from these studies will be utilized towards the optimization of in situ bioreclamation technology.

以前的工作已经描述了一些重要的物理和生物 影响与相关的生物降解过程的特征 污染场地的生物修复。 微生物已被分离 来自碳过滤器和污染物羽流，它们表现出多样性 用于苯、甲苯、 乙苯和二甲苯 (BTEX) 降解。 此外，相关研究 氯代芳香族化合物的厌氧降解表明了潜在的潜力 与还原相关的机制具有广泛的底物特异性 脱氯。 该提案纳入了在以下领域获得的知识： 上一个项目期间旨在制定具体目标，以进一步 研究生物回收过程中的微生物相互作用并扩展 这项工作的范围是研究 PAH 和氯化芳香族化合物 退化也是如此。 项目 0010、0011、0012 和 0013 的主要目标是评估 人群中微生物的相互作用有助于 模拟自然环境中与生物降解相关的种群 环境；探索在受苯系物污染的土壤中播种 在 GAC 上建立的群体；并描述机制 通过厌氧细菌的亚细胞成分进行脱氯。 特别的 人们的注意力将集中在氧含量和 交替电子受体对降解过程的影响 缺氧环境。 对于某些项目，将采用重组DNA技术来克隆 将降解微生物的成分转化为异种细菌 进一步阐明与这些调节相关的机制 途径。 源于“基准”的多变分子探针 微生物将用于估计发生的种群动态 在适应生物降解过程期间。 这些探测器将 进一步用于研究模拟含水层环境中的种群。 此外，还原脱氯机制将通过以下方式进行评估： 检查天然金属有机物对速率和程度的影响 氯化有机化合物的降解。 来自这些的信息 研究将用于优化原位生物回收 技术。