AGING & VISUAL-SPECIFICITY OF EXPLICIT & IMPLICIT MEMORY

老化

• 批准号: 6294785
• 负责人: HALINE E SCHENDAN
• 金额: $ 3.75万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-11-01 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6294785
• 关键词: Alzheimer's disease; Parkinson's disease; age difference; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; evoked potentials; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human old age (65+); human subject; magnetoencephalography; memory; memory disorders; visual perception; young adult human (21-34)

A key feature of normal aging is that memory becomes less rich in perceptual and conceptual details. This property has been proposed to primarily reflect a tendency of elderly to retrieve events in a less specific and so more generic manner than young people and to a lesser extent encoding that is less perceptually and conceptually distinct. Proposed research investigates changes with age in neural systems supporting memory for perceptual details. To do so, the visual-specificity of brain areas supporting explicit and implicit memory for particular perceptual properties (view size) of objects and faces are assessed using 2 complementary techniques. 1. Neuropsychological studies use Parkinson's disease as a model for frontal-basal ganglionic dysfunction and mild Alzheimer's dementia as a model for MTL and posterior extrastriate dysfunction to assess the contributions of these brain systems to changes in normal aging age-related disorders. 2. Combined event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and simultaneous magnetoencephalogram (MEG) and event-related potential (ERP) recordings in the same young and old normal people define differences in the functional dynamics of young and aged brains that may impair perceptual memory. Experiments use implicit memory tests, and explicit memory is assessed using recognition (not recall) tests to reveal the extent to which implicit and explicit perceptual representations are encoded and potentially available for retrieval using frontal lobe strategic search processes that are impaired with age. Findings will also contribute to the functional characterization of these brain systems, and by defining brain areas underlying age-related memory disturbances, the work addresses a clinical goal of specifying which regions should be targeted by treatments.

正常衰老的一个关键特征是记忆变得不那么丰富，对感知和概念的细节变得不那么丰富。已经提出，该特性主要反映了老年人以比年轻人更具体，更通用的方式检索事件的趋势，并且在较小的范围内编码的事件在感知和概念上截然不同。拟议的研究调查了随着年龄的变化神经系统，支持记忆以了解感知细节。为此，使用2种互补技术评估了对物体和面部特定感知属性（视图大小）的明确和隐式记忆的大脑区域的视觉特异性。 1。神经心理学研究使用帕金森氏病作为额 - 基质神经节功能障碍和轻度阿尔茨海默氏症的痴呆症的模型，作为MTL和后腹外功能障碍的模型，以评估这些大脑系统对正常老化与年龄相关的疾病的变化的贡献。 2。与事件相关的功能磁共振成像（FMRI）和同时磁性磁通图（MEG）（MEG）和事件相关电位（ERP）记录（ERP）记录（ERP）记录在同一年轻人和老年人中，定义了可能会损害感知记忆的年轻和老年人的功能动力学差异。实验使用隐式记忆测试，并使用识别（不召回）测试评估明确的内存，以揭示对隐式和明确的感知表示的编码程度，并有可能使用额叶策略搜索过程可用于检索，而这些搜索过程随着年龄的增长而受损。调查结果还将有助于这些大脑系统的功能表征，并通过定义与年龄相关的记忆障碍的大脑区域，这项工作解决了指定哪些区域应以治疗为目标的临床目标。