GENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CANCER AND PREDISPOSING LESIONS

癌症和诱发病变的遗传流行病学

• 批准号: 3094304
• 负责人: MARK H SKOLNICK
• 金额: $ 130.97万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-01-05 至 1994-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3094304
• 关键词: breast neoplasms; cancer risk; colon neoplasms; human population genetics; human subject; melanoma; neoplasm /cancer genetics; preneoplastic state

The scientific revolutions of the last two decades in molecular biology and computer science have created the basis for greatly increasing our understanding of cancer etiology. In this program project we utilize approaches derived from these fields to study the etiology of three common cancers and their precursor lesions: 1) the adenomatous polyp and colon cancer, 2) dysplastic nevi and melanoma, and 3) proliferative breast disease and breast cancer. The underlying theme of the program project is that the analysis of precursor lesions to common cancers is a major key to understanding their etiology. Familial clusters of disease are a major focus of the project; they permit detailed analysis of genetic susceptibility, provide the basis for gene mapping, and provide a high risk population for analysis of other risk factors. The details of the research project for each trait vary according to our current level of understanding, but three common goals exist for all three studies consisting of: 1) definition and genetic analysis of precursor lesions of common cancers. 2) analysis of heritable and environmental factors which affect the expression of the precursor phenotype, and 3) analysis of factors which affect the conversion of the precursor lesion to malignancy. Cumulatively these studies amount to a continual refinement of the genotypic description of the susceptibility loci. We have made considerable progress defining the precursor lesions for colon cancer and melanoma, although these descriptions will be greatly furthered by project. The definition of genetic precursors for breast cancer is in the initial stage. By studying sites with a variable level of knowledge of the phenotype and role of the precursor, we can rapidly apply experience gained in one project to the others utilizing the infrastructure common to all the projects.

过去二十年分子生物学领域的科学革命 计算机科学为极大地提高我们的能力奠定了基础 了解癌症病因。 在这个程序项目中我们利用 从这些领域衍生的方法来研究三种常见的病因 癌症及其前期病变：1）腺瘤性息肉和结肠 癌症，2) 发育不良痣和黑色素瘤，以及 3) 增殖性乳腺疾病 和乳腺癌。 该计划项目的基本主题是 分析常见癌症的前兆病变是关键 了解其病因。 家族聚集性疾病是主要的 项目的重点；它们允许对遗传进行详细分析 易感性，为基因图谱提供基础，提供高风险 人口用于分析其他危险因素。 研究细节 每个特征的项目根据我们当前的理解水平而有所不同， 但所有三项研究都存在三个共同目标，包括：1) 常见癌症前驱病变的定义和遗传分析。 2） 影响表达的遗传和环境因素分析 前体表型的分析，以及3）影响因素的分析 前驱病变转变为恶性肿瘤。 累计这些 研究相当于对基因型描述的不断完善 易感位点。 我们在定义 结肠癌和黑色素瘤的前兆病变，尽管这些描述 项目的实施将得到极大的推动。 遗传前体的定义 因为乳腺癌正处于初期阶段。 通过研究网站 我们对前体的表型和作用的了解水平不同 能够快速地将在一个项目中获得的经验应用到其他项目中 所有项目共有的基础设施。