Forging new families in contemporary contexts: Exploring interpersonal relationships, power and abuses of power within online sperm donation

在当代背景下组建新家庭：探索在线精子捐赠中的人际关系、权力和权力滥用

• 批准号: ES/W001381/1
• 负责人: Rhys Turner-Moore
• 金额: $ 93.22万
• 依托单位: Leeds Beckett University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FW001381%2F1
• 关键词: Forging; new; families; contemporary; contexts

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights describes the family as the "fundamental unit of society", and in 1969, the United Nations recommended that "governments should, as a matter of urgency, make universally available information, education and the means to assist couples and individuals to achieve their desired number of children". However, many people need help from a sperm donor to start or build their family, and even now, there are lots of barriers to them receiving this help at an NHS or private clinic. So, instead, many people are looking for a sperm donor online. Unfortunately, there is very little information available to them about what online sperm donation involves and how it might change their lives for the better - or, possibly, for the worse. In the media, for example, there have been stories of men registering with online sperm donation sites and then being abusive to women who are looking for sperm.Relationships are at the heart of online sperm donation so our project starts there. There are the relationships between the person looking for sperm and the person who donates the sperm, and between these people and their life partner (if they have one). There are also the relationships between the many people who take part in the online sperm donation websites, and between these people and the person who owns the website. Sometimes, these relationships go well; sometimes, they do not. The first aim of this project is to look at how people experience these relationships, who is being positioned as powerful, and any abuse that is happening. In the first part of the project, the main way that we will look at these relationships is by talking with people who want sperm and people who are looking to donate sperm. We will talk with them three times over two years, starting with their online search to find sperm or donate sperm. Over the two years, we will also talk to these people's life partner, and the person they find who gives them the sperm or who they donate their sperm to. In the second part of the project, we will look at the relationships between the many people who take part in online sperm donation websites, and between these people and the person who owns the website. The main ways we will look at this is by joining the online websites as a researcher and following how people interact with and treat each other over one year, and by talking with the people who own the websites.The research will increase everyone's understanding of three important topics in our society: violence, health, and the internet. For violence, it will make people more aware of how women looking for sperm online (and possibly other people, too) are being abused, what support they need, and how we can stop this abuse from happening. For health, it will help decide whether NHS clinics should have more funding for sperm donation and who can access it, and whether the government should regulate online sperm donation. For the internet, it will help people discuss how the internet affects our lives and what safety and support we need online.It will be essential to ask the people involved in online sperm donation what they think needs to change in online sperm donation (e.g., public awareness, policies, laws, support services). So, the second aim of the project is to find out what people involved in online sperm donation think is the 'ideal future' for online sperm donation and work with them to make these changes. In the third part of the project, we will run workshops to share the research findings using comics and drawings, and together, work out what needs to change in online sperm donation, plan and do activities that will lead to this change, and log what changes happen. During the whole project, we will also share our findings with people involved in online sperm donation, researchers, professionals working in abuse, health, and internet safety, people who make policies and laws, and the public, to help effect change.

《普遍人权宣言》将家庭描述为“社会的基本单位”，1969年，联合国建议“政府应紧迫地将普遍可用的信息，教育和帮助夫妻和个人实现其期望的儿童人数的手段”。但是，许多人需要精子捐赠者的帮助来开始或建立自己的家庭，即使到现在，他们在NHS或私人诊所也有很多障碍。因此，相反，许多人在网上寻找精子捐赠者。不幸的是，他们几乎没有关于在线精子捐赠涉及的信息以及如何改变生活的信息，或者更糟的是。例如，在媒体上，有一些故事，讲述了男人在在线精子捐赠网站进行注册，然后对正在寻找精子的女性进行虐待。关联关系是在线精子捐赠的核心，因此我们的项目从那里开始。寻找精子的人与捐赠精子的人与这些人与他们的生活伴侣（如果有一个）之间存在关系。参加在线精子捐赠网站的许多人与这些人与拥有该网站的人之间也存在关系。有时，这些关系顺利；有时，他们没有。该项目的第一个目的是研究人们如何体验这些关系，将其定位为强大以及正在发生的任何虐待。在项目的第一部分中，我们将研究这些关系的主要方式是与想要精子和想要捐赠精子的人交谈。我们将在两年内与他们交谈三遍，从他们的在线搜索开始，以查找精子或捐赠精子。在两年中，我们还将与这些人的生活伴侣进行交谈，以及他们发现给他们精子或捐赠精子的人。在项目的第二部分中，我们将研究参加在线精子捐赠网站的许多人与这些人与拥有该网站的人之间的关系。我们将研究这一点的主要方式是加入在线网站作为研究人员，并跟随人们如何与一年多的人互动和对待彼此，并与拥有网站的人们进行交谈。研究将使每个人对我们社会中的三个重要主题的理解：暴力，健康和互联网。对于暴力行为，这将使人们更加了解在线寻找精子（也可能是其他人），他们需要什么支持以及我们如何阻止这种虐待的发生。为了健康，它将有助于确定NHS诊所是否应该有更多的精子捐赠资金，以及谁可以使用它，以及政府是否应规范在线精子捐赠。对于互联网，它将帮助人们讨论互联网如何影响我们的生活以及我们需要在线需要的安全和支持。询问参与在线精子捐赠的人们他们认为需要改变在线精子捐赠需要改变什么（例如，公众意识，政策，法律，法律，支持服务）。因此，该项目的第二个目的是找出参与在线精子捐赠的人认为是在线精子捐赠的“理想未来”，并与他们合作进行这些更改。在项目的第三部分中，我们将举办研讨会，使用漫画和图纸分享研究结果，并共同确定在线精子捐赠，计划和做可以改变这一变化并记录发生的变化的活动中需要改变的事情。在整个项目中，我们还将与参与在线精子捐赠，研究人员，从事虐待，健康和互联网安全工作的专业人员，制定政策和法律的人以及公众，以帮助改变改变的人。