Experiments in democracy: Knowing, caring and acting in neighbourhood planning and beyond

民主实验：邻里规划及其他领域的了解、关心和行动

基本信息

批准号：
ES/V01112X/1
负责人：
Andy Yuille
金额：
$ 13.8万
依托单位：
Lancaster University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2020 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FV01112X%2F1
关键词：
Experiments democracy Knowing caring acting

项目摘要

Land use planning is one of the most controversial aspects of local life, generating more political heat than almost any other local policy issue. The new UK Government intends to publish White Papers on planning and devolution during 2020, setting out how they intend to resolve their apparently paradoxical promises of more local control and more deregulation of planning. This provides an opportunity to influence policy development before new legislation is passed, making this proposal a particularly timely intervention.Neighbourhood planning (NP) is the Government's flagship model for local engagement with planning, a striking case of the international trend towards increased public participation in policy / decision-making. Continued funding was committed in March 2020, but as with the rest of the planning system, it could be facing radical changes. It is the most popular of a raft of 'community rights' granted by the 2011 Localism Act, with nearly 12 million people covered by more than 2,400 neighbourhood plans. It allows community groups to write their own statutory planning policies, and is portrayed as an antidote to a planning system that was too complex, technical and exclusive. It claims to promote democracy by widening the range of voices and sources of knowledge that can be influential in planning, enabling the people who know and care about a place to make their own decisions about how it changes.My research examines these claims, drawing on theories and methods from Science and Technology Studies (STS) that explore how 'experiments in democracy' work in particular locations. NP relies on participatory practices, rather than formal representative democracy, to underpin its legitimacy. Different practices draw on different sources of authority to produce different types of legitimacy. These sources of authority sometimes appear to be at odds with each other. Understanding how they combine and conflict requires new forms of analysis and evaluation, which my research provides. I show how some types of legitimacy support or undermine others, and how this constrains communities' abilities to represent and plan for the aspects of neighbourhood that concern them most. This partially undermines the democratic claims made for NP, while simultaneously enabling real differences to be made. My analysis indicates ways that the democratic claims made for NP could be strengthened.This fellowship builds on the findings of my PhD research to increase their impact among practitioners and policy-makers, and to develop and extend my theoretical contributions to interdisciplinary scholarship. Informed by this analysis of legitimacy and democracy, I will create a network including scholars from different disciplines, practitioners and stakeholders that will work together to change the real-life practices of participants in NP and the policy framework that governs it. The work will also make an innovative contribution to the emerging field of STS scholarship on participation. It will sensitise research in diverse fields to new ways of thinking and doing representation and legitimation, where these practices are increasingly complementing and/or undermining standard accounts of democracy. It will deepen and diversify the stakeholder and research networks that I already have, develop my profile with a robust publications and impact record, and put me in a strong position to take the next step on an impact-oriented academic career.In summary, the fellowship aims to- develop the practices of neighbourhood planners and support agencies- inform changes to national policy- bring new insights from a novel analysis to planning studies and STS- inform research across inter/disciplinary fields that are concerned with emerging forms of participatory and localist governance and democracyUltimately, it aims to better enable people to have real influence over the ways in which the places they know and care about will change.

土地利用计划是当地生活中最具争议的方面之一，几乎与任何其他当地政策问题相比，政治上的热量更多。新英国政府打算在2020年发表有关计划和权力下放的白皮书，阐明他们打算如何解决他们明显的自相矛盾的诺言，以提供更多的本地控制和对计划的放松管制。这提供了一个机会，可以在通过新立法之前影响政策制定，这使该提案成为特别及时的干预。NeighbourhoodPlange（NP）是政府在当地参与计划的旗舰模型，这是一个令人惊讶的案例，这是国际趋势增加公众参与政策 /决策的趋势。持续的资金是在2020年3月进行的，但是与计划系统的其余部分一样，它可能面临根本性的变化。它是《 2011年本地主义法》授予的最流行的“社区权利”，其中有近1200万人覆盖了2400多个邻里计划。它允许社区团体编写自己的法定规划政策，并将其描绘成对计划系统过于复杂，技术性和独特性的方法的解毒剂。它声称通过扩大对计划有影响力的声音和知识来源的范围来促进民主，这使人们能够了解并关心一个关于它如何改变的地方的人们。 NP依靠参与式实践，而不是正式的代表民主来支持其合法性。不同的实践借鉴了不同的权威来源，以产生不同类型的合法性。这些权威来源有时似乎彼此矛盾。了解它们如何结合和冲突需要我的研究提供的新形式的分析和评估。我展示了某些类型的合法性支持或破坏其他类型的支持，以及这如何限制社区代表和计划最关心的社区方面的能力。这部分破坏了民主党对NP提出的主张，同时造成了真正的差异。我的分析表明，民主党对NP提出的主张可以得到加强。这一奖学金是基于我的博士研究结果，以增加从业人员和政策制定者的影响，并发展和扩展我对跨学科奖学金的理论贡献。通过对合法性和民主的分析，我将建立一个网络，其中包括来自不同学科，从业者和利益相关者的学者，这些网络将共同努力，以改变NP参与者的现实生活实践以及政策框架的政策框架。这项工作还将为参与STS奖学金的新兴领域做出创新的贡献。它将在各种领域的研究中对新的思维和进行代表和合法化的方式敏感，在这种方式中，这些实践越来越多地补充和/或破坏了民主的标准账目。它将加深和多样化我已经拥有的利益相关者和研究网络，通过强大的出版物和影响记录来发展我的个人资料，并使我处于强大的位置，可以迈出下一步迈向影响影响的学术职业。总而言之，奖学金旨在促进邻里计划者和支持的研究，从而涉及新的洞察力研究 - 将新的分析与新的洞察力相关 - 将新的洞察力与新的洞察力相关 - 将新的分析与新的洞察力相关 - 使得与国家的洞察力的变化 - 使得与国家的洞察力相关 - 使得与国家的洞察力相关 - 并将其列入新的洞察力 - 使得与国家的洞察力相关 - 并将其与新的洞察力相关 - 并将其与新的洞察力相关 - 并将其置于新的洞察力 - 使得与国家的洞察力相比，并将其与News STER相关。新兴的参与性和地方主义治理和民主的形式旨在更好地使人们能够对他们认识和关心的地方的方式具有真正的影响。