NEURAL PROCESSING OF BINAURAL INFORMATION

双耳信息的神经处理

• 批准号: 3476646
• 负责人: MALCOLM N. SEMPLE
• 金额: $ 7.72万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-03-01 至 1992-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3476646
• 关键词: auditory cortex; auditory feedback; auditory pathways; auditory stimulus; auditory threshold; binaural hearing; electrophysiology; gerbil /jird; histology; inferior colliculus; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; olivary body; perceptual maskings; single cell analysis; sound frequency; stimulus /response; synapses

This research program will evaluate the extent to which binaural information is processed hierarchically and represented topographically along the auditory neuraxis. Neural processing of binaural information begins with convergence at the superior olivary complex (SOC) of projections arising from the two ears, and it is commonly held that binaural interactions at this level establish a code that is relayed essentially unaltered along the ascending auditory pathway to the cortex. However, divergent monaural and binaural pathways converge at sites beyond SOC and thus provide structural substrates for the potential reprocessing of binaural information. This research program will ascertain the contribution of these higher level interactions of binaural information processing by comparing responses at SOC, inferior colliculus (IC) and primary auditory cortex (AI) to manipulation of average binaural level and interaural disparities in intensity and time. The responses of single neurons at these three levels of the primary auditory pathway in the gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) will be assessed by extracellular recording and dichotic presentation of calibrated tones and noise. Preliminary data indicate several important differences in binaural responses at SOC and IC --- this program will determine the extent to which these differences represent emergent hierarchical processes. This detailed assessment of binaural processing will not only illuminate the emergence of new coding schemes in the ascending pathway, but will also permit examination in greater detail of the topographic organization of binaural responses. For example, this program will determine whether the gross binaural bands in AI mask a more specific organization based on sensitivities to interaural intensity differences and average binaural level. Ultimately, this examination of binaural processing at multiple levels of the auditory system will generate models of the synaptic mechanisms that shape binaural responses. In the final phase of this five year program, these mechanisms will be explored directly by intracellular recording. The knowledge gained from this research will extend our understanding of the principles of binaural information processing and, hence, our appreciation of the consequences of unilateral and bilateral hearing impairment.

该研究计划将评估双耳听觉的程度 信息被分层处理和表示 沿着听觉神经轴的地形。 神经处理 双耳信息始于上级的融合 由两耳产生的橄榄复合体（SOC）， 人们普遍认为，这个级别的双耳互动 建立一个基本上不改变的中继代码 上行听觉通路到达皮层。 然而，分歧 单耳和双耳通路在 SOC 之外的位置汇聚， 从而为潜在的后处理提供结构基质 双耳信息。 该研究计划将确定 双耳这些更高层次的相互作用的贡献 通过比较 SOC 的响应进行信息处理，劣质 丘（IC）和初级听觉皮层（AI）来操纵 平均双耳声级和两耳间的强度差异 时间。 单个神经元在这三个水平上的反应 沙鼠 (Meriones unguiculatus) 的主要听觉通路 将通过细胞外记录和二分法进行评估 校准音调和噪声的呈现。 初步数据 表明双耳反应中的几个重要差异 SOC 和 IC --- 该计划将决定在多大程度上 这些差异代表了新兴的等级过程。 这 双耳处理的详细评估不仅会阐明 上升路径中新编码方案的出现， 但也将允许更详细地检查 双耳反应的地形组织。 例如，这个 程序将确定 AI 中的总双耳频带是否 根据敏感性掩盖更具体的组织 耳间强度差异和平均双耳水平。 最终，这种对多声道双耳处理的检查 听觉系统的各个层次将生成突触的模型 塑造双耳反应的机制。 在最后阶段 在这个五年计划中，将探索这些机制 直接通过细胞内记录。 所获得的知识来自 这项研究将加深我们对原理的理解 双耳信息处理，因此，我们欣赏 单侧和双侧听力障碍的后果。