MICROORGANISMS THAT DEGRADE AROMATIC XENOBIOTIC POLLUTANTS

降解芳香族异生物污染物的微生物

• 批准号: 3777250
• 负责人: R H OLSEN
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3777250
• 关键词: DNA footprinting; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; anaerobiosis; anthracenes; benzene; bioreactors; biotransformation; carbopolycyclic compound; ecology; environmental contamination; environmental toxicology; enzyme mechanism; enzyme substrate; evolution; gene expression; genetic regulation; genetic strain; genetic transcription; ground water; high performance liquid chromatography; microorganism; microorganism classification; microorganism growth; microorganism metabolism; microorganism population study; molecular biology; neoplastic transformation; nitrification; nucleic acid sequence; oxygen; oxygen microelectrode; phenanthrene; physiology; soil microbiology; soil pollution; soil sampling; toxin metabolism; water pollution; water sampling /testing

Previous work has delineated some important physical and biological features which affect biodegradation processes associated with the bioreclamation of contaminated sites. Microorganisms have been isolated from both carbon filters and contaminant plumes which exhibit diversity in species and the metabolic pathway(s) used for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) degradation. In addition, studies related to the anaerobic degradation of chloroaromatic compounds suggest potential broad substrate specificity for the mechanisms associated with reductive dechlorination. This proposal incorporates knowledge gained in the previous project period towards the formulation of specific aims to further study microbial interactions attendant to bioreclamation and extends the purview of this work to studies of PAH and chlorinated aromatic compound(s) degradation as well. The major goals of Projects 0010, 0011, 0012 and 0013 are to evaluate microbial interactions in populations which contribute to the ascendancy of populations associated with biodegradation in simulated natural environments; to explore the utility of seeding BTEX contaminated soil with populations established on GAC; and to describe mechanisms for dechlorination by subcellular components of anaerobic bacteria. Particular attention will be focused on the influence of oxygen content and the influence of alternate electron acceptors on degradative processes in anoxic environments. For some projects, recombinant DNA technology will be employed to clone elements of degradative microorganisms into heterogenetic bacteria to further elucidate mechanisms associated with the regulation of these pathways. Multivariant molecular probes derived from "benchmark" microorganisms will be used to estimate population dynamics occurring during adaptation to a biodegradation process. These probes will be further utilized to study populations in simulated aquifer environments. In addition, mechanisms for reductive dechlorination will be assessed by examining the influence of natural metal-organics on the rates and extent of degradation on chlorinated organic compounds. Information from these studies will be utilized towards the optimization of in situ bioreclamation technology.

以前的工作描述了一些重要的物理和生物学 影响与生物降解过程相关的生物降解过程的功能 受污染的地点的生物隔离。 微生物已经孤立 从碳过滤器和污染物羽毛中都表现出多样性 物种和用于苯，甲苯的代谢途径， 乙烯和二甲苯（BTEX）降解。 此外，研究相关 氯芳族化合物的厌氧降解表明潜力 与还原相关的机制的广泛底物特异性 脱氯。 该提议结合了所获得的知识 以前的项目时期，以进一步提出特定目标 研究随身携带的微生物相互作用，并扩展 这项工作的范围是对PAH和氯化芳香族化合物的研究 也退化。 项目0010，0011，0012和0013的主要目标是评估 人群中的微生物相互作用有助于 模拟自然中与生物降解相关的种群 环境；探索用播种Btex污染土壤的实用性 在GAC上建立的人群；并描述机制 厌氧细菌的亚细胞成分脱氯。 特别的 注意将集中于氧含量和 替代电子受体对降解过程的影响 缺氧环境。 对于某些项目，将采用重组DNA技术来克隆 降解微生物的元素到异性细菌 进一步阐明与这些调节相关的机制 途径。 源自“基准”的多变量分子探针 微生物将用于估计发生的种群动态 在适应生物降解过程中。 这些探针将是 进一步用于研究模拟含水层环境中的人群。 此外，还将评估还原脱氯的机制 检查天然金属金属制剂对速率和程度的影响 在氯化有机化合物上降解。 这些信息 研究将用于优化原位生物环境 技术。