TOXICITY AND BIOACCUMULATION OF CHEMICAL MIXTURE IN SEDIMENTS

沉积物中化学混合物的毒性和生物累积性

• 批准号: 3777388
• 负责人: WILLIAM H CLEMENTS
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3777388
• 关键词: Branchiopoda; Chironomidae; Malacostraca; Osteichthyes; alternatives to animals in research; arsenic; benzene; chloroform; chromium; environmental toxicology; food chain contamination; fresh water environment; lead; pharmacokinetics; phenols; pollutant interaction; sedimentation; trichloroethylene; water pollution

Contaminated sediments typically contain complex mixtures of organic and inorganic chemicals at concentrations several orders of magnitude greater than in overlying water. Most of the information regarding fate and effects of contaminants in aquatic systems is based on aqueous exposure. Research on sediment contaminants has only recently received attention and therefore our understanding of the mechanisms that influence fate and effects of sediment-sorbed chemicals is relatively primitive. This proposed research will investigate toxicity and bioaccumulation of a mixture of seven sediment contaminants (trichlorethylene, lead, benzene, chloroform, phenol, chromium, and arsenic) in several species of invertebrates and fish. Acute and chronic toxicity tests will be conducted by exposing organisms to either bulk laboratory-spiked sediments or interstitial water extracted from these sediments. Uptake and depuration will be measured in chironomids (Chironomus riparius) and pharmacokinetic models will be developed to describe bioaccumulation of these sediment contaminants. The transfer of sediment contaminants through a simple laboratory food chain (sediments to Chironomus riparius to Lepomis macrochirus) will be documented and the relative importance of dietary versus aqueous exposure to these contaminants will be determined. Since chironomids are the dominant prey of juvenile bluegill in nature, results obtained from these experiments will be applicable to bluegill populations foraging in natural systems with contaminated sediments.

受污染的沉积物通常包含有机和的复杂混合物 浓度的无机化学品高几个数量级 比在上面的水中。 有关命运和的大多数信息 污染物在水生系统中的影响基于水性暴露。 关于沉积物污染物的研究直到最近才受到关注和 因此，我们对影响命运的机制的理解 沉积物化学物质的影响相对原始。 这 拟议的研究将调查毒性和生物积累 7种沉积物污染物的混合物（三氯乙烯，铅，苯， 氯仿，苯酚，铬和砷） 无脊椎动物和鱼。 将进行急性和慢性毒性测试 通过将生物暴露于散装实验室的刺激性沉积物或 从这些沉积物中提取的间质水。 吸收和删除 将以奇异剂（Chironomus riparius）和药代动力学测量 将开发模型来描述这些沉积物的生物积累 污染物。 通过简单的 实验室食物链（Chironomus riparius到Lepomis的沉积物 大型神经病）将被记录在饮食中的相对重要性 将确定暴露于这些污染物的水与水性。 自从 Chironomids是自然界少年蓝g的主要猎物，结果 从这些实验中获得的将适用于蓝g的种群 在具有污染沉积物的天然系统中觅食。