Class Struggle in Ancient Greek Democracy

古希腊民主中的阶级斗争

• 批准号: EP/Z000084/1
• 负责人: Mirko Canevaro
• 金额: $ 221.81万
• 依托单位: University of Edinburgh
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FZ000084%2F1
• 关键词: Class; Struggle; Ancient; Greek; Democracy

This project will put class at the centre of the historical reconstruction of ancient Greek democracy. It contends that class dynamics - grounded in the economic and occupational structures of the Greek cities, and manifesting themselves in the social, political, and cultural oppositions that characterised them - are fundamental for understanding the emergence, nature, and development of Greek democracies. This perspective finds much purchase in our sources, both in direct evidence for political struggles and in contemporary political reflection. Class, for instance, plays a central role in Aristotle's analysis of contemporary politics. In his view, the citizenry of any polis could be divided into two parts, the rich and the poor, with further, complex subdivisions based on occupation, and he tightly links the constitution of any given city to the socio-economic organisation of its citizenry. For this keen observer of the politics of his day, then, thinking about Greek politics in terms of class is indispensable. Yet class has been all but abandoned as an explanatory concept by most modern scholars of ancient Greek politics, not to mention by social and economic historians. It is this project's contention that a more flexible notion of class, integrating the best Marxist historiography with recent work in sociology, allows us to put this concept back where Aristotle placed it: at the heart of the analysis of ancient Greek politics and society. The project will explore the economic underpinnings of class relations in the Greek city-states; the cultural tastes and social lives of different groups, and how they were structured in opposition to one another; and how these class oppositions coalesced in certain political preferences and in particular ideological and institutional options. It aims to achieve nothing less than a revolutionary reconceptualisation of the driving dynamics of the society and politics of the ancient Greek city-states.

该项目将使班级成为古希腊民主的历史重建的中心。它认为，基于希腊城市的经济和职业结构的阶级动态，并以它们为特征的社会，政治和文化反对派表现出来 - 对理解希腊民主的出现，性质和发展至关重要。这种观点在我们的来源中找到了很多购买，无论是在政治斗争还是当代政治反思的直接证据中。例如，班级在亚里士多德对当代政治的分析中起着核心作用。他认为，任何政治的公民都可以分为两个部分，富人和穷人，并基于占领而进一步的复杂细分，他将任何特定城市的构成与其公民的社会经济组织紧密地联系在一起。那么，对于当时的政治观察者来说，在阶级方面思考希腊政治是必不可少的。然而，阶级几乎被放弃为古希腊政治的大多数现代学者的解释性概念，更不用说社会和经济历史学家了。正是这个项目的论点是，更灵活的阶级概念，将最佳的马克思主义史学与最近的社会学著作相结合，使我们能够将这个概念放回亚里士多德所放置的地方：在古希腊政治和社会分析的核心。该项目将探讨希腊城市阶级关系的经济基础；不同群体的文化品味和社会生活，以及它们是如何相互反对的；以及这些阶级反对派如何在某些政治偏好，尤其是意识形态和机构选择中结合在一起。它的目的是实现对古希腊城市社会驾驶动力和政治的革命性重新概念化的实现。