PROFUSE: Fusing brain and computational mechanisms of prosocial behaviour across health, development and disorder

PROFUSE：融合健康、发育和疾病等亲社会行为的大脑和计算机制

• 批准号: EP/X020215/1
• 负责人: Patricia Lockwood
• 金额: $ 164.21万
• 依托单位: University of Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FX020215%2F1
• 关键词: PROFUSE; Fusing; brain; computational; mechanisms

Prosocial behaviours - decisions that help others - are fundamental for societal and individual well-being. From climate change to ageing populations, current and future generations face great challenges that require individuals to make significant personal sacrifices to help others and maintain social cohesion. It is therefore crucial to understand the mechanisms that underlie prosocial behaviour, their (a)typical development - from childhood to adolescence - and how they are implemented in the brain. Yet, current knowledge is fractured. Separate lines of work have examined where in the brain prosocial behaviour is processed (fMRI), when in time such processing occurs (MEG or EEG), how prosocial behaviours develop, or the computations. Now is the time to leverage innovative computational tools, end the fissures between approaches, fuse methods together, and unify their benefits. ProFuse will combine big-data samples, machine learning, beyond-state-of-the-art brain imaging, repetitive brain stimulation and computational methods with innovative experiments that tap fundamental features of prosocial behaviours. Using the latest representational similarity multivariate techniques, this work will mathematically 'fuse' data from a pioneering wearable form of brain imaging - optically pumped magnetometer (OPM)-magnetoencephalography (MEG) - with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, to test where, when and how prosocial computations are processed neurally. Using repetitive brain stimulation (TMS) these computations will be disrupted at the exact place they occur in prefrontal cortex. Finally, ProFuse will use OPM-MEG fMRI fusion - precisely suited for developmental neuroimaging - to uncover computational mechanisms of prosocial behaviour during the sensitive period from childhood to adolescence, and compared to adulthood.Ultimately, ProFuse will provide a revolutionary integrated account of prosocial behaviour spanning childhood to adulthood and enlighten strategies to increase prosocial behaviours.

亲社会行为——帮助他人的决定——是社会和个人福祉的基础。从气候变化到人口老龄化，当代人和子孙后代都面临着巨大的挑战，需要个人做出重大的个人牺牲来帮助他人并维持社会凝聚力。因此，了解亲社会行为背后的机制、它们的（a）典型发展（从童年到青春期）以及它们如何在大脑中实施是至关重要的。然而，当前的知识是支离破碎的。不同的工作研究了大脑中亲社会行为的处理位置（功能磁共振成像）、这种处理何时发生（脑磁图或脑电图）、亲社会行为如何发展或计算。现在是利用创新计算工具、消除方法之间的裂痕、将方法融合在一起并统一其优势的时候了。 ProFuse 将把大数据样本、机器学习、最先进的大脑成像、重复性大脑刺激和计算方法与挖掘亲社会行为基本特征的创新实验结合起来。这项工作使用最新的代表性相似性多变量技术，将以数学方式“融合”来自开创性的可穿戴脑成像形式——光泵磁力计（OPM）-脑磁图（MEG）——的数据与功能磁共振成像（fMRI）数据，以测试，何时以及如何进行神经处理亲社会计算。使用重复性脑刺激（TMS），这些计算将在它们发生在前额皮质的确切位置被中断。最后，ProFuse 将使用 OPM-MEG fMRI 融合（非常适合发育神经成像）来揭示从儿童到青春期的敏感时期以及与成年期相比的亲社会行为的计算机制。最终，ProFuse 将为亲社会行为提供革命性的综合解释跨越童年到成年，并启发增加亲社会行为的策略。