Mechanics and Design of Kirigami-Based Energy Dissipating Devices

基于剪纸的耗能装置的力学与设计

• 批准号: EP/X040666/1
• 负责人: Martin Walker
• 金额: $ 35.08万
• 依托单位: University of Surrey
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FX040666%2F1
• 关键词: Mechanics; Design; Kirigami; Based; Energy

The response of a structure to extreme loads, such as an earthquake, explosive blast, or impact is critical to the design of many structures. Building regulations require designers to consider reasonably foreseeable extreme loading events and design the structure accordingly. In most cases it is not feasible, or economically viable, to design a structure to resist extreme loads undamaged. Therefore, a strategy to limit the extent of damage and prevent disproportionate collapse is adopted.Energy-dissipating devices are incorporated into structures to absorb the energy from extreme events into easily replaceable elements. In seismic design passive supplemental damping systems consisting of devices such as hysteretic or viscus dampers can be incorporated without excessive cost. These devices dissipate seismic energy from the structure, reducing displacements and damage, but may need to be repaired or replaced after the event. For blast and impact scenarios, energy-dissipating systems can be adopted at a local level, for example in the cladding, to protect the main structural elements from excessive applied loads. Kirigami is a form of origami that also includes cuts. This enables complex morphing 3D shapes to be generated from flat sheets. Pop-up greeting cards are a familiar example. Researchers in a wide variety of scientific disciplines, ranging from engineering to biochemistry, have been fascinated by the variety of shapes and exciting mechanical behaviours made possible through the simple act of locating cuts in a flat sheet of material. This project builds on the surge of research into the mechanics of kirigami over the past ten years from the physics, applied mathematics, and engineering communities. While many kirigami studies highlight the potential of applications, so far these have not been realised. This project aims to translate the substantial body of fundamental research into kirigami mechanics to applications, specifically in structural engineering, by addressing the issues holding back the development of kirigami-based energy-dissipating devices, specifically the lack of predictive models and design methodologies for metallic kirigami structures. The results will then be applied to the design and testing of proof-of-concept devices for blast and earthquake protection of structures. Understanding these phenomena, and the development of design methodologies, will broaden the range of materials used for, and the applications of kirigami benefiting the national and international kirigami community. While the applications considered in this project are within structural engineering, there are also natural applications in many other fields ranging from Mechanical and Aerospace engineering to packaging design broadening the applicability of this project's outputs. Furthermore, our society more broadly will benefit from the safer and more resilient infrastructure made possible using kirigami-based energy absorbers for blast and earthquake protection.

结构对极端载荷的响应，例如地震，爆炸性爆炸或影响对于许多结构的设计至关重要。建筑法规要求设计师考虑合理可预见的极端装载事件，并相应地设计结构。在大多数情况下，设计一种结构以抵抗未损坏的极端负载是不可行的，或经济上不可行的。因此，采用了限制损害程度并采用过度崩溃的策略。将能量消散的设备纳入结构中，以吸收极端事件中的能量进入易于更换的元素。在地震设计中，可以在没有过多成本的情况下纳入由滞后或粘膜阻尼器等设备组成的被动补充阻尼系统。这些设备从结构中消散地震能量，减少位移和损坏，但可能需要在事件发生后修复或更换。对于爆炸和冲击场景，可以在地方一级（例如在覆层中）采用能量消除系统，以保护主要的结构元素免受过度施加的载荷。基里加米（Kirigami）是一种折纸形式，还包括切割。这使得复杂的变形3D形状能够从扁平的床单中产生。弹出贺卡是一个熟悉的例子。从工程到生物化学的各种科学学科的研究人员都对通过在平坦的材料中定位切割的简单行为使各种形状和令人兴奋的机械行为着迷。该项目以物理，应用数学和工程社区为基础，基于对基里加米机械的研究的激增。尽管许多基里加米研究强调了应用的潜力，但到目前为止尚未实现这些应用。该项目的目的是通过解决阻碍基于基里加米的能量隔离设备的发展的问题，特别是缺乏金属kirigami结构的预测模型和设计方法，将大量的基本研究转化为Kirigami力学，特别是在结构工程领域的应用。然后，结果将应用于概念验证设备的设计和测试，以爆炸和对结构的地震保护。了解这些现象以及设计方法的发展，将扩大用于国家和国际基里加米社区的基里加米的材料范围和应用。尽管该项目中考虑的应用在结构工程中，但在许多其他领域也有自然应用，从机械和航空工程到包装设计扩大了该项目输出的适用性。此外，我们的社会更广泛地将受益于使用基于基里加米的能量吸收器来实现爆炸和地震保护的更安全，更弹性的基础设施。