Helicity-dependent quantum phases

螺旋性相关的量子相

基本信息

批准号：
EP/V048449/1
负责人：
Jörg Götte
金额：
$ 25.43万
依托单位：
University of Glasgow
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2021 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FV048449%2F1
关键词：
Helicity dependent quantum phases

项目摘要

Light is described by two characteristics - its direction of propagation and its polarisation. In everyday life the latter is usually of little consequence, an exception being for example the way the two frames of a 3D movie can be sent to each eye simultaneously glasses that filter out a given polarisation while leaving the other intact. The distinction between the two images is that one is left-circularly polarised, meaning that the light spirals like a left-handed corkscrew, while the other is right-handed, spiralling the other way. This is closely related to a property of light called the helicity, which will be used in this project to design a new example of a technological tool known as an optical lattice. These allow for the trapping and suspending a grid of atoms using only light. Optical lattices in general have a variety of uses, including making artificial molecules and acting as a component of a quantum computer.The optical lattices designed here will be made of light that has opposite helicity at neighbouring points in the grid (like a chessboard), so that helicity-sensitive atoms placed at each will feel a difference effect from the lattice. Using similar ideas it is also possible to design such lattices where the electric and magnetic fields that make up the light interact in different ways with the atoms placed in the lattice. Both of these ideas can be used to affect the degree to which the atoms interact with each other. In everyday materials, the strengths of such interactions are partly responsible for whether a particular material is a solid, liquid or gas - these are examples of phases of matter. When the interaction strength has some critical value, the phase changes (e.g. melting, boiling), this is known as a phase transition. Using helicity to vary the interaction strength in our optical lattice is expected to cause transitions between different phases describing the collective behaviour of the atoms in the lattice.

光通过两个特征描述 - 其传播方向及其极化。在日常生活中，后者通常几乎没有后果，例如，一个例外是3D电影的两个帧可以同时发送到每个眼镜的方式，这些眼镜可以过滤给给定的两极分化，同时使另一个完好无损。这两个图像之间的区别在于一个是左旋极化的，这意味着光线像左手的开瓶器一样螺旋，另一个是右手的，另一个是旋转的。这与称为螺旋的光的属性密切相关，该属性将在该项目中用于设计一个被称为光学晶格的技术工具的新示例。这些允许仅使用光捕获和悬浮原子网格。一般而言，光学晶格通常具有多种用途，包括制造人造分子并充当量子计算机的组件。此处设计的光学晶格将由光线制成，这些光在网格（如棋盘）（如棋盘）的相邻点（如棋盘）中具有相反的螺旋性，以便在每个螺旋敏感性的原子上都在每个植物上效应与lattice的效应。使用类似的想法，也可以设计这样的晶格，在这些晶格中，构成光的电场和磁场以不同方式与放置在晶格中的原子相互作用。这两种想法都可以用来影响原子相互作用的程度。在日常材料中，这种相互作用的优势是特定材料是固体，液体还是气体的部分原因 - 这些是物质阶段的例子。当相互作用强度具有一定的临界值时，相变（例如熔化，沸腾）时，这被称为相变。使用螺旋来改变我们的光学晶格中的相互作用强度，预计会在描述晶格中原子的集体行为的不同阶段之间导致过渡。