Development of a high performance laminated transparent top-electrode for emerging thin-film photovoltaics

开发用于新兴薄膜光伏的高性能层压透明顶部电极

基本信息

批准号：
EP/V002023/1
负责人：
Ross Hatton
金额：
$ 58.79万
依托单位：
University of Warwick
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2021 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FV002023%2F1
关键词：
Development performance laminated transparent top

项目摘要

Photovoltaic (PV) devices convert sunlight directly into electricity and so are set to play a major role in the global renewable energy landscape in the coming decades as humanity transitions to a low carbon future. Today's PVs are based on conventional semiconductors which are relatively energy-intensive to produce and largely restricted to rigid flat plate designs. Consequently, PVs that can be fabricated by printing at low temperature onto flexible substrates are attractive for a broad range of applications in buildings and transportation, where flexibility, colour-tuneability, light-weight and low cost are essential requirements. Two emerging PV technologies that have strong potential to meet these requirements are organic PVs and perovskite PVs. It is however widely recognised that these classes of PV can only fulfill their full cost-advantage and functional advantages over conventional thin film PVs if a suitable transparent, flexible electrode is forthcoming. Indium-tin oxide (ITO) is currently the dominant transparent conductor used in opto-electronics, including PVs. However, its fragile ceramic nature makes it poorly compatible with flexible substrates and indium has been identified as a 'critical raw material' for the European economic area, due to the high risk of supply shortages expected in the next 10 years. Consequently there is a need to develop a viable alternative to ITO and conducting oxide electrodes in general, particularly for utility in PVs where large quantities will be needed in the coming decades to help address the threat posed by global warming. This proposal seeks to address this challenge by developing a high performance transparent electrode based on a copper grid that can be integrated with the rest of the PV device by simple lamination. This approach avoids the inevitable compromises in electrode transparency and conductivity that arise when using the conventional approach of fabricating the transparent electrode directly on top of the rest of device. Two unconventional approaches to fabricating this electrode using low cost sustainable materials and processes will be explored. The outputs have the potential to be transformative for the advancement of OPV and PPV, as well numerous other optoelectronic devices requiring a transparent top-electrode. The UK is a global leader in the development of materials and processes for next generation PVs and so the outputs of the proposed research has strong potential to directly increase the economic competitiveness of the UK in this increasingly important sector and will help to address the now time critical challenge of climate change due to global warming.

光伏（PV）设备将阳光直接转化为电能，因此随着人类向低碳未来的过渡，在未来几十年中，将在全球可再生能源环境中发挥重要作用。当今的PVS基于常规的半导体，这些半导体相对较高的生产能量，并且在很大程度上仅限于刚性平板设计。因此，可以通过低温在柔性基材上打印来制造的PV对于在建筑物和运输中的广泛应用中具有吸引力，在这种情况下，灵活性，颜色触发性，轻巧和低成本是必不可少的要求。有机PVS和Perovskite PVS具有强大潜力的两种新兴PV技术。但是，如果即将出现合适的透明，灵活的电极，这些类别的PV只能实现与常规薄膜PV相比的全部成本优势和功能优势。当前，包括PVS（PVS）中使用的主要透明导体（ITO）是当前使用的主要透明导体。但是，由于未来10年预计供应短缺的高风险，其易碎的陶瓷性质使其与灵活的底物和indium被确定为欧洲经济区的“关键原料”。因此，有必要开发一种可行的ITO替代方案，并进行一般的氧化电极，尤其是在PVS中的实用程序，在未来几十年中，需要大量数量，以帮助解决全球变暖所带来的威胁。该提案旨在通过基于铜网格开发高性能透明电极来应对这一挑战，该电网可以通过简单的层压方式与其他PV设备集成。这种方法避免了使用传统的方法直接在设备其余部分顶部制造透明电极的常规方法时，电极透明度和电导率的不可避免的妥协。将探索使用低成本可持续材料和过程制造该电极的两种非常规的方法。输出有可能对OPV和PPV的发展进行变化，以及许多其他需要透明顶部电极的光电设备。英国是下一代PV开发材料和流程的全球领导者，因此拟议的研究的产出具有很大的潜力，可以直接提高英国在这个日益重要的部门中的经济竞争力，并将有助于应对由于全球变暖而导致气候变化的当今时间关键挑战。