Steel-concrete composite beams using precast hollow-core slabs and a demountable shear connection mechanism

采用预制空心板和可拆卸剪力连接机构的钢-混凝土组合梁

基本信息

批准号：
EP/P004253/1
负责人：
GEORGE VASDRAVELLIS
金额：
$ 12.88万
依托单位：
Heriot-Watt University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FP004253%2F1
关键词：
Steel concrete composite beams using

项目摘要

There is an urgent need for sustainable development in modern societies. As natural resources become more limited, and environmental pollution has reached alarming levels in many regions on the planet, man made activities need to switch to a more sustainable way of thinking and operation. Many governments worldwide have set ambitious sustainability targets for the near future. The UK government, specifically, has set as target the 80% reduction in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from all anthropogenic activities by 2050. The European Union has also included the drastic reduction of CO2 emissions, waste and energy consumption as first priorities in their agenda.The construction sector can play an important role to achieving a sustainable environment, since: a) the production of new materials is an energy intensive process, which is responsible for about 15% of the global CO2 emissions; b) buildings are usually being demolished at the end of their useful life creating waste and pollution, e.g. demolition is responsible for one third of total waste in the UK, and more than half of this waste is still sent to landfill; and c) the material demands will be doubled globally by 2050 according to recent reports. In addition, recycling is not a sustainable solution, because the recycling process is still very energy intensive and requires only marginally less energy than creating materials from scratch.A more sustainable solution is to find ways to avoid demolition of buildings at the end of their useful life. This can be done by developing innovative structural solutions that allow for the reuse of building components directly to new projects. In this way, the construction will produce less CO2 emissions (as there will be no need to manufacture new members or to recycle the old ones), much less waste will go to landfill, and the natural resources of the planet will be used more responsibly.Steel-concrete composite buildings have a large market share (more than 70% in the UK for multi-storey offices and car parks) and more than half of them use steel-concrete composite floors, i.e. the concrete slab is mechanically connected to the steel sections, which results in more economic designs. The current practice of constructing a composite floor, however, uses a connection method between the concrete slab and the steel sections that makes their separation extremely difficult; thus, the disassembly of these buildings is highly problematic. This project proposes a novel way to connect precast concrete slabs with steel sections that offers the advantages of: a) off-site fabrication of all components; b) easy and fast installation on the construction site; c) disassembly of the composite floor; and d) direct reuse of all components in new projects.The project will use experimental testing complemented by numerical analyses in order to develop the proposed novel structural system. Experiments will be conducted on both the slab-steel section connection system alone, in order to characterise its structural behaviour, and on large-scale composite beams replicating real beams in buildings. The experiments will provide evidence on the physical behaviour and the ultimate failure modes of the proposed system, whereas numerical simulations using advanced mathematical models will be used to study numerous geometrical configurations and generalise the results of the tests. Based on the results of the tests and the simulations, recommendations for the practical design of the proposed system will be proposed.The project involves collaboration with leading academics and key industrial partners in order to deliver a reliable sustainable solution for composite floor systems.

现代社会迫切需要可持续发展。随着自然资源变得更加有限，地球上许多地区的环境污染已达到惊人的水平，人类活动需要转向更可持续的思维和运作方式。世界各地的许多政府都为不久的将来制定了雄心勃勃的可持续发展目标。具体而言，英国政府设定了到 2050 年将所有人类活动产生的二氧化碳 (CO2) 排放量减少 80% 的目标。欧盟也将大幅减少二氧化碳排放、废物和能源消耗列为其首要任务。建筑行业可以在实现可持续环境方面发挥重要作用，因为： a) 新材料的生产是一个能源密集型过程，约占全球二氧化碳排放量的 15%； b) 建筑物通常在其使用寿命结束时被拆除，从而产生废物和污染，例如英国三分之一的垃圾是由拆除造成的，其中一半以上仍被送往垃圾填埋场； c) 根据最近的报告，到 2050 年，全球的物质需求将增加一倍。此外，回收并不是一个可持续的解决方案，因为回收过程仍然是能源密集型的，只比从头开始制造材料所需的能源少一些。更可持续的解决方案是找到避免建筑物在使用寿命结束时被拆除的方法。生活。这可以通过开发创新的结构解决方案来实现，这些解决方案允许将建筑组件直接重复用于新项目。通过这种方式，建筑将产生更少的二氧化碳排放（因为不需要制造新成员或回收旧成员），进入垃圾填埋场的废物也将减少，地球的自然资源将得到更负责任的使用钢-混凝土组合建筑拥有很大的市场份额（在英国多层办公室和停车场占70%以上），其中一半以上采用钢-混凝土组合楼板，即混凝土板通过机械连接与钢型材，从而实现更经济的设计。然而，目前复合楼板的建造实践中，混凝土板与型钢之间采用的是连接方式，这使得它们的分离极其困难；因此，拆除这些建筑物是一个很大的问题。该项目提出了一种将预制混凝土板与型钢连接的新颖方法，具有以下优点：a）所有组件的场外制造； b) 施工现场安装方便快捷； c) 复合地板的拆卸； d）在新项目中直接重复使用所有组件。该项目将使用实验测试并辅以数值分析来开发所提出的新颖结构系统。实验将单独在板-钢截面连接系统上进行，以表征其结构性能，并在复制建筑物中真实梁的大型组合梁上进行实验。实验将为所提出系统的物理行为和最终失效模式提供证据，而使用先进数学模型的数值模拟将用于研究多种几何配置并概括测试结果。根据测试和模拟的结果，将为所提出的系统的实际设计提出建议。该项目涉及与领先的学者和主要工业合作伙伴的合作，以便为复合地板系统提供可靠的可持续解决方案。