NEURAL PROCESSING OF BINAURAL INFORMATION

双耳信息的神经处理

• 批准号: 3476645
• 负责人: MALCOLM N. SEMPLE
• 金额: $ 8.96万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-03-01 至 1992-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3476645
• 关键词: auditory cortex; auditory feedback; auditory pathways; auditory stimulus; auditory threshold; binaural hearing; electrophysiology; histology; inferior colliculus; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; olivary body; perceptual maskings; single cell analysis; sound frequency; stimulus /response; synapses

This research program will evaluate the extent to which binaural information is processed hierarchically and represented topographically along the auditory neuraxis. Neural processing of binaural information begins with convergence at the superior olivary complex (SOC) of projections arising from the two ears, and it is commonly held that binaural interactions at this level establish a code that is relayed essentially unaltered along the ascending auditory pathway to the cortex. However, divergent monaural and binaural pathways converge at sites beyond SOC and thus provide structural substrates for the potential reprocessing of binaural information. This research program will ascertain the contribution of these higher level interactions of binaural information processing by comparing responses at SOC, inferior colliculus (IC) and primary auditory cortex (AI) to manipulation of average binaural level and interaural disparities in intensity and time. The responses of single neurons at these three levels of the primary auditory pathway in the gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) will be assessed by extracellular recording and dichotic presentation of calibrated tones and noise. Preliminary data indicate several important differences in binaural responses at SOC and IC --- this program will determine the extent to which these differences represent emergent hierarchical processes. This detailed assessment of binaural processing will not only illuminate the emergence of new coding schemes in the ascending pathway, but will also permit examination in greater detail of the topographic organization of binaural responses. For example, this program will determine whether the gross binaural bands in AI mask a more specific organization based on sensitivities to interaural intensity differences and average binaural level. Ultimately, this examination of binaural processing at multiple levels of the auditory system will generate models of the synaptic mechanisms that shape binaural responses. In the final phase of this five year program, these mechanisms will be explored directly by intracellular recording. The knowledge gained from this research will extend our understanding of the principles of binaural information processing and, hence, our appreciation of the consequences of unilateral and bilateral hearing impairment.

该研究计划将评估双耳的程度 信息是通过层次处理的，并表示 沿听觉神经的地形。 神经处理 双耳信息始于上级的收敛 由两只耳朵引起的投影的橄榄综合体（SOC）， 通常认为，双耳相互作用在这个级别 建立一个代码，该代码基本上没有改变 上升的听觉途径到达皮层。 但是，发散 单声道和双耳通道在SOC和SOC以外的地点汇合 因此提供了潜在重新处理的结构基板 双耳信息。 该研究计划将确定 这些更高级别的双耳相互作用的贡献 通过比较SOC的响应，劣等的信息处理 Colliculus（IC）和主要听觉皮层（AI）进行操纵 平均双耳水平和强度跨度差异 时间。 这三个级别的单个神经元的反应 Gerbil（Meriones unguiculatus）的主要听觉途径 将通过细胞外记录和Dichotic评估 校准音调和噪音的呈现。 初步数据 表示双耳反应的几个重要差异 SOC和IC ---该计划将确定多大程度上 这些差异代表了新的分层过程。 这 双耳处理的详细评估不仅会照亮 在上升途径中的新编码方案的出现， 但也将允许更详细地检查 双耳反应的地形组织。 例如，这个 程序将确定AI中的Binaural Band乐队是否 掩盖一个基于敏感性的更具体的组织 室内强度差异和平均双耳水平。 最终，这种对双耳处理的检查 听觉系统的级别将生成突触的模型 塑造双耳反应的机制。 在最后阶段 这个五年计划，将探讨这些机制 直接通过细胞内记录。 从中获得的知识 这项研究将扩展我们对 双耳信息处理，因此我们对 单侧和双侧听力障碍的后果。