CORTICAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE CONTROL OF EYE MOVEMENTS

皮质对眼球运动控制的贡献

• 批准号: 3465754
• 负责人: MARK A SEGRAVES
• 金额: $ 9.64万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-08-01 至 1994-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3465754
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; antidromic impulse; brain stem; cerebral cortex; efferent nerve; electrophysiology; eye movements; histology; neural information processing; neural initiation; neuroanatomy; neurons; neurophysiology; oculomotor nuclei; reticular formation; saccades; visual fields; visual fixation; visual stimulus

The long-term goal of this laboratory is to understand the contributions made by the primate's cerebral cortex to voluntary motor behavior. Experiments will focus upon the frontal eye field in the rhesus monkey's cerebral cortex and its role in the control of eye movements. Frontal eye field removal is detrimental to the initiation and performance of saccades in complex visuomotor tasks. In addition, frontal eye field neurons exhibit several types of visuomotor activity, identified by recording from behaving animals, including: visual activity; movement related activity preceding saccades; postsaccaddic activity; and activity related to fixation and foveal visual stimuli. This proposal will refine our ideas about how and to what extent the frontal eye field participates in eye movement control, emphasizing the contributions it makes to the complex network of brain regions within the oculomotor system. Four experimental approaches will be used: 1) Characterize the message sent by the frontal eye field to its cortical and subcortical targets by identifying the efferent target of single neurons with antidromic excitation, and then classifying the activity of those neurons during visuomotor behavior. Of particular interest are the types of messages sent by the frontal eye field to its termination sites in the brainstem reticular formation, the supplementary cortical eye field, and the contralateral frontal eye field. 2) Determine the regional and laminar distribution of neurons belonging to the major activity classes by making comprehensive series of electrolytic marking lesions at the recording sites of identified neurons. 3) Examine the relationship between the firing pattern of frontal eye field neurons with movement activity, and the dynamics of the eye movement that their firing precedes. For example, to answer the question: Are changes in presaccadic firing rate accompanied by changes in saccade trajectory or peak velocity? 4) Follow up on evidence from ablation studies that the frontal eye field participates in smooth pursuit. Techniques will be used that distinguish sensory from motor signals related to the pursuit of moving visual targets. The brains of rhesus monkeys and humans are similar, and the principles of function and organization revealed by these experiments may also apply to humans.

该实验室的长期目标是了解贡献 由灵长类动物的大脑皮层制成，以实现自愿运动行为。 实验将集中在恒河猴的额叶视野上 大脑皮层及其在控制眼运动中的作用。 正面 眼场去除不利于启动和性能 在复杂的视觉运动任务中进行扫视。 此外，额叶视野 神经元表现出几种类型的视觉运动活性，由 从行为动物中记录，包括：视觉活动；移动 扫视之前的相关活动；后cADDIC活动；和 与固定和凹觉视觉刺激有关的活动。 这个建议 将完善我们关于如何以及在额外眼球领域的想法 参与眼动控制，强调它的贡献 建立动眼运动中大脑区域的复杂网络 系统。 将使用四种实验方法：1）表征 额叶视野发送给其皮质和皮层下的消息 通过确定单个神经元的传出靶标的目标 抗体激发，然后对这些激发进行分类 视觉运动行为期间的神经元。 特别感兴趣的是 额眼场发送到其终止站点的消息类型 在脑干网状形成中，补充皮质眼 场，以及对侧额叶眼场。 2）确定 属于主要神经元的区域和层流分布 通过进行全面的电解标记来进行活动类别 鉴定神经元记录部位的病变。 3）检查 额眼野外神经元的触发模式之间的关系 随着运动活动以及眼睛运动的动态 射击之前。 例如，回答问题：是否发生了变化 前射击率伴随着扫视轨迹的变化或 峰值速度？ 4）跟进消融研究的证据 正面眼球参与平稳的追求。 技术将是 使用将感觉与与追踪有关的电机信号区分开 移动视觉目标。 恒河猴和人类的大脑是 相似，以及功能和组织的原则 这些实验也可能适用于人类。