BEHAVIORAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTECEDENTS OF DRUG ABUSE

药物滥用的行为和药理学因素

• 批准号: 3213550
• 负责人: JAMES E. BARRETT
• 金额: $ 19.14万
• 依托单位: U.S.UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV HLTH SCIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-09-30 至 1995-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3213550
• 关键词: Saimiri; behavioral medicine; benzimidazole analog; cocaine; dopamine; drug abuse; drug metabolism; ethology; laboratory rat; neurotransmitter receptor; psychological reinforcement; psychopharmacology; receptor binding; scintillation counter; self medication; sensory discrimination; serotonin

Prior behavioral and pharmacological experience can markedly alter the behavioral effects of abused drugs. In many instances, these antecedent conditions can produce qualitative changes in the effect of drugs such as cocaine, amphetamine, chlordiazepoxide and morphine, with the result that these drugs produce effects that are opposite those normally found. The effects on these drugs that are not abused do not appear to be as malleable. For reasons that are presently unclear, prior history may contribute to the initial drug experience which may provide the basis for subsequent use and eventual substance abuse. The studies outlined in this proposal focus on an experimental evaluation of antecedent behavioral and pharmacological conditions that: i) alter the behavioral effects of cocaine and midazolam; ii) change the likelihood that these drugs will be self-administered; and iii) modify the subjective or discriminative stimulus effects of these drugs. Behavioral variables that will be examined include an analysis of the type of event, response class and contextual of concurrent environmental conditions. Pharmacological variables include previous experience with other drugs. Additional studies will determine whether changes in dopamine and/or serotonin to central receptor or transporter sites parallel modifications in drug effects produced by antecedent variables and might, in fact, mediate some of those effects. The studies outlined in this proposal will yield a better understanding of antecedent variables that enhance or impede an individual's vulnerability or predisposition to abuse drugs and will provide additional insight into the behavioral and pharmacological mechanisms contributing to those altered effects. Studies of this type may also become important for clarifying the etiology of drug abuse, as well as for implementing effective treatment and prevention strategies.

先前的行为和药理学经验可以显着改变 滥用药物的行为影响。 在很多情况下，这些前因 条件可以使药物的作用产生质的变化，例如 可卡因、安非他明、利眠宁和吗啡，结果 这些药物会产生与通常情况相反的作用。 这 这些药物对未滥用的药物的影响似乎并不像 可塑的。 由于目前尚不清楚的原因，先前的病史可能 有助于初步药物经验，这可能为以下方面提供基础： 随后的使用和最终的药物滥用。 本文概述的研究 提案侧重于对先前行为和行为的实验评估 药理学条件： i) 改变行为效应 可卡因和咪达唑仑； ii) 改变这些药物被使用的可能性 自我管理； iii) 修改主观或歧视性的 这些药物的刺激作用。 行为变量将是 检查包括对事件类型、响应类别和 并发环境条件的背景。 药理作用 变量包括以前使用其他药物的经验。 额外的 研究将确定多巴胺和/或血清素的变化是否会影响 药物中的中枢受体或转运位点平行修饰 由先行变量产生的影响实际上可能会调节一些 这些影响。 本提案中概述的研究将产生 更好地理解增强或阻碍的先行变量 个人滥用药物的脆弱性或倾向以及意愿 提供对行为和药理学的更多见解 导致这些改变的影响的机制。 此类研究 对于澄清药物滥用的病因也可能变得很重要，因为 以及实施有效的治疗和预防策略。