ASSESSMENT OF VISUAL FUNCTION USING LUMINANCE NOISE

使用亮度噪声评估视觉功能

• 批准号: 3426279
• 负责人: DANIEL J KERSTEN
• 金额: $ 1.9万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1985-09-01 至 1986-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3426279
• 关键词: cataract; computer simulation; diagnosis quality /standard; human subject; neural information processing; optic neuritis; psychophysics; vision tests; visual feedback; cataract; computer simulation; diagnosis quality /standard; human subject; neural information processing; optic neuritis; psychophysics; vision tests; visual feedback

Inefficiency of visual processing may be partitioned into two broad categories: unreliability of "noisiness" of the nervous system and systematic error or "distortion". The goal of the proposed research is to psychophysically characterize the visual deficit of human observers in terms of intrinsic noise and systematic error. Results from this study have the potential to localize the source of a visual problem, to produce useful diagnostic indicies and to understand the underlying causes of visual deficits. The partitioning of inefficiency of visual detection into these two components may be accomplished by the measurement of contrast sensitivity (and its rate of change) in the presence of various levels of visual noise. This technique has the following advantages over conventional contrast sensitivity measures: 1) Contrast detection in high levels of noise can effectively by-pass the optics, yielding a measure of performance which is primarily dependent on the quality of the succeeding neural machinery irrespective of its noisiness. 2) Comparison of high noise performance with low noise performance leads to an index of "noisiness" 3) High levels of noise permit the study of high contrast vision with the same methods which have been applied to low contrast vision. 4) Human performance can be measured on an absolute scale. The measure called "efficiency", specifies the fraction of the available statistical information an observer is using. In order to assess the utility of this procedure, the study will restrict itself to two classes of patients: those with primarily optic media opacities, and those with optic neuritis. It is believed that the first class may show mainly systematic errors of vision, whereas the second may show increased noisiness of information transmission.

视觉处理的低效率可以分为两个宽 类别：神经系统“嘈杂”和 系统错误或“失真”。 拟议研究的目的是 心理物理表征人类观察者的视觉缺陷 内在噪声和系统误差的术语。 这项研究的结果 有可能定位视觉问题的来源，产生 有用的诊断表明并了解 视觉缺陷。 视觉检测效率低下的划分 这两个组件可以通过测量对比度来完成 在存在各种水平的情况下，灵敏度（及其变化率） 视觉噪音。 该技术具有以下优势 常规的对比灵敏度测度：1）高度对比检测 噪声水平可以有效地绕过光学器件，从而产生一定的量度 性能主要取决于成功的质量 神经机制不论其噪音如何。 2）高 低噪声性能的噪声性能导致索引 “嘈杂” 3）高噪声允许研究高对比度 具有相同方法的视力已应用于低对比度 想象。 4）可以绝对规模测量人类绩效。 这 称为“效率”的度量，指定可用的分数 观察者正在使用的统计信息。 为了评估 该程序的实用性，该研究将限制在两个类别 患者：主要具有光学介质不熟悉的患者，以及具有视线的人 神经炎。 据信，头等舱可能主要显示系统性 视力错误，而第二个可能显示 信息传输。