PSYCHOBIOLOGY OF MATERNAL BEHAVIOR

母亲行为的心理生物学

• 批准号: 3378672
• 负责人: JUDITH M STERN
• 金额: $ 12.04万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-09-30 至 1995-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3378672
• 关键词: birth; cesarean section; dopamine receptor; ethology; hormone regulation /control mechanism; inhibitor /antagonist; laboratory rat; lactation; maternal behavior; mother child interaction; neuroendocrine system; newborn animals; olfactions; psychophysiology; sensory mechanism; touch; videotape /videodisc

The long-term goal of the proposed research is to understand the psychobiological bases of mammalian maternal behavior. The maternal behavior of Norway rats provides a good model for this goal because it consists of a rich repertoire of maternal behaviors that are displayed frequently and because it has been well-studied. The proposed research focuses on the sensorimotor regulation of maternal behavior in rats, and its interactions with neurochemical influences and motivational expression. The major hypothesis is that this behavior consists of a complex reflex chain, the components of which have separate stimuli. The motorically- active components, such as retrieval and licking of pups, are under perioral trigeminal control, whereas the crouching posture during nursing is under ventral somatosensory control; this posture is characterized by immobility, splayed legs to accommodate the litter, and ventroflexion resulting in a pronounced dorsal arch. During the period of requested support, this hypothesis will be explored further by (1) assessing the maintenance, onset, and (hormonal and non-hormonal) induction of maternal responsiveness following desensitization of the anterior snout with bilateral trigeminal sensory denervations (infraorbital in upper jaw, inferior alveolar in lower jaw); (2) examining the afferent control of pup retrieval in detail, including interaction of somatosensory and distal inputs; (3 analyzing the afferent control of the crouching response with detailed videotaped observations, artificial stimulation, and acute and chronic ventrum desensitization; (4) determining with spinal transactions the sensorimotor pathways mediating the crouching response and the spinal vs. supraspinal control mechanisms; (5) determining how changes in reproductive state and afferent input affect the frequency and duration of nesting and nursing bouts; (6) characterizing the enhancement of the crouching response to pups in maternally-naive rats treated with a dopamine receptor antagonist, haloperidol, as a function of gender and hormonal state; (7) determining the neurochemical specificity and neural sites of action whereby dopaminergic antagonism inhibits the expression of motorically-active components of maternal behavior while enhancing the immobile crouching posture; (8) establishing that maternal motivation can be expressed by instrumental responding (bar-pressing) for access to a nest box with pups; and (9) studying how maternal motivation is affected by various manipulations, including changes in afferent input.

拟议研究的长期目标是了解 哺乳动物孕产妇行为的心理生物学基础。 母亲 挪威大鼠的行为为这个目标提供了一个很好的模型，因为它 由展示的孕产妇行为的丰富曲目组成 经常是因为它经过了很好的研究。 拟议的研究 着重于大鼠孕产妇行为的感觉运动调节， 它与神经化学的影响和动机表达的相互作用。 主要假设是该行为由复杂的反射组成 链，其成分具有分开的刺激。 在车内 - 活跃的成分，例如检索和舔幼崽，都在 细胞三叉神经控制，而护理期间的蹲下姿势 处于腹侧体感控制下；这种姿势的特征是 不动，腿部张开以容纳垃圾，并进行ventroflexion 导致明显的背弓。 在请求期间 支持，通过（1）评估该假设 孕产妇的维持，发作和（激素和非荷尔蒙）诱导 在前鼻子脱敏之后的响应能力 双边三叉气感觉剥离（上颌骨上肌，上颌， 下颌下牙槽）； （2）检查幼犬的传入控制 详细检索，包括体感和远端的相互作用 输入； （3用 详细的录像观测，人造刺激和急性 慢性腹膜脱敏； （4）确定脊柱交易 介导蹲伏反应和脊柱的感觉运动途径 与脊柱上控制机制； （5）确定如何变化 生殖状态和传入输入影响 筑巢和护理； （6）表征增强 用多巴胺治疗的母体对幼崽的蹲下反应 受体拮抗剂氟哌啶醇作为性别和荷尔蒙的函数 状态; （7）确定神经化学特异性和神经部位 多巴胺能拮抗作用抑制了 孕产妇行为的车内活性成分，同时增强 不动蹲伏的姿势； （8）确定孕产妇的动力可以 通过工具响应（钢筋压力）来表达巢 带幼崽的盒子； （9）研究产妇动机如何受到 各种操作，包括传入输入的变化。