Advancing Biogas Utilization through Fuel Flexible SOFC

通过燃料灵活的 SOFC 促进沼气利用

• 批准号: EP/I037016/1
• 负责人: John Irvine
• 金额: $ 156.08万
• 依托单位: University of St Andrews
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2011 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FI037016%2F1
• 关键词: Advancing; Biogas; Utilization; through; Fuel

Biogas provides an excellent means to convert waste to energy. It is an important technology widely applied in rural India with many significant installations also in the UK and Europe. Currently electricity is generally produced from biogas through thermal conversion; however, the electrical efficiency of this process is low. Converting biogas to electricity via fuel cell technology offers significant increases in efficieny, perhaps a factor of 2, and hence is a highly desirable technology. Some biogas installations do exist utiliing molten carbonate fuel cell technology; however, it is widely considered that Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology is the most promising future technology due to its much higher power density and its applicability to a wide range of scales. Here, we seek to improve the performance and durability of SOFC fuel electrodes for operation in biogas.Biogas is largely a mixture of CO2 and methane with quite large impurity contents of hydrogen sulphide. In this study, we investigate the performance and durability of some different SOFC concepts in fuel gas compositions directly relevant to biogas operation. The first strategy investigated will be to develop new perovskite and related materials for application as SOFC anodes that are resistant to coking and sulphur degradation. The second strategy to be investigated, relates to the utilisation of proton conducting perovskite to protect Ni and other electrocatalysts from coking and degradation. These and more conventional electrodes will be studied through sophisticating imaging techniques and electrochemcal performance testing. Promising concepts will be scaled up into significant cells, i.e. >10cm2 and rigourous testing performed. Test cells will be made and evaluated under different gas mixes probing both operation on startup in biogas and on prolonged operation utilising anode exhaust recirculate (containing steam and additional CO2) for internal reformation. Durability will be assessed up to 1000 hrs in appropriate biogas reformates and the degree of Sulphur scrubbing required, if any, assessed. Overall we seek solutions that could be applied to multi-kW scales of relevance decentralised and isolated operation.The UK will lead imaging and modelling, new anodes and performance testing, whereas India will lead proton conducting cermets and cell fabrication and scale up; however all activites involve significant cross-national activity. Two project workshops will be held in the UK and two in India and these will be linked to training events and outreach meetings open to the wider community. Each researcher will spend at least one month working in partner country laboratory on joint activity.

沼气提供了将废物转化为能源的绝佳方法。这是一项在印度农村地区广泛应用的重要技术，在英国和欧洲也有许多重要的装置。目前，电力通常是从沼气通过热转化产生的。但是，此过程的电效率很低。通过燃料电池技术将沼气转换为电力，可以显着提高效率，也许是2倍，因此是一种非常理想的技术。一些沼气装置确实存在利用熔融碳酸盐燃料电池技术。但是，由于其更高的功率密度及其适用性，因此人们普遍认为，固体氧化物燃料电池技术是最有希望的未来技术。在这里，我们试图提高沼气中运行的SOFC燃料电极的性能和耐用性。BIOGAS在很大程度上是二氧化碳和甲烷的混合物，硫化氢的杂质含量很大。在这项研究中，我们研究了与沼气运营直接相关的燃气成分中一些不同SOFC概念的性能和耐用性。研究的第一种策略是开发新的钙钛矿和相关材料，以作为对焦化和硫降解具有抗性的SOFC阳极。要研究的第二种策略与使用质子传导钙钛矿的利用有关，以保护Ni和其他电催化剂免受焦化和降解。这些和更多常规的电极将通过复杂的成像技术和电化学性能测试来研究。有希望的概念将缩放到重要的细胞中，即> 10cm2和进行严格的测试。将在不同的气体混合物下制作和评估测试细胞，以探测沼气中的启动以及使用阳极排气再循环（含有蒸汽和其他CO2）进行内部改革的长时间操作。耐久性将在适当的沼气重新质量中评估1000小时，并评估所需的硫擦洗程度（如果有）。总体而言，我们寻求可以应用于相关性分散和孤立操作的多kW尺度的解决方案。但是，所有活动均涉及显着的跨国活性。两个项目研讨会将在英国举行，在印度举行了两个项目，这些项目将与向更广泛的社区开放的培训活动和外展会议有关。每个研究人员将在合作伙伴国家实验室工作至少花一个月的时间进行联合活动。

项目成果

ON THE CONNECTION BETWEEN PROPAGATING SOLAR CORONAL DISTURBANCES AND CHROMOSPHERIC FOOTPOINTS

• DOI: 10.3847/2041-8205/829/1/l18
• 发表时间: 2016-09
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal Letters
• 作者: P. Bryans;S. McIntosh;I. Moortel;B. Pontieu

Energy Release in Driven Twisted Coronal Loops

• DOI: 10.1007/s11207-015-0824-7
• 发表时间: 2016-01-01
• 期刊: SOLAR PHYSICS
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Bareford, M. R.;Gordovskyy, M.;Hood, A. W.
• 通讯作者: Hood, A. W.

Conductivity and redox stability of new perovskite oxides SrFe0.7TM0.2Ti0.1O3-d (TM = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu)

新型钙钛矿氧化物SrFe0.7TM0.2Ti0.1O3-d（TM = Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu）的电导率和氧化还原稳定性

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2017.01.017
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Solid State Ionics
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Cowin P

Nickel Electrodeposition on Silver for the Development of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anodes and Catalytic Membranes

镍电沉积银用于固体氧化物燃料电池阳极和催化膜的开发

• DOI: 10.1149/2.1081704jes
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Journal of The Electrochemical Society
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Jamil Z

Conductivity and redox stability of double perovskite oxide SrCaFe1+xMo1-xO6-d (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6)

双钙钛矿氧化物SrCaFe1 xMo1-xO6-d (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6)的电导率和氧化还原稳定性

• DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2015.10.056
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Materials Chemistry and Physics
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Cowin P