22-ICRAD Call 2 Emerging porcine influenza and coronaviruses (EPICVIR)

22-ICRAD Call 2 新发猪流感和冠状病毒 (EPICVIR)

• 批准号: BB/X019780/1
• 负责人: Elma Tchilian
• 金额: $ 62.34万
• 依托单位: The Pirbright Institute
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FX019780%2F1
• 关键词: 22; ICRAD; Call; Emerging; porcine

Influenza and coronaviruses have caused some of the deadliest pandemics in humans, and swine are key viral reservoirs. Influenza viruses of type A and porcine respiratory coronavirus are enzootic in swine, but they differ in pathogenicity and immune control. Cattle are the natural host of influenza D virus, but it is now an emerging virus in swine, and its pathogenesis remains underexplored. Swine Influenza viruses of type A have enormous and still increasing genetic diversity with many "reassortant" (i.e. when genetic exchange occurs during co-infection involving different viruses or viral strains) genotypes circulating simultaneously, and is a proven zoonotic and pandemic threat. The pandemic potential of porcine respiratory coronavirus and swine Influenza D is uncertain.In this project, we aim to answer questions about the transmissibility and pathogenicity of these viruses. We aim to better understand what the transmission dynamics of these viruses are between swine and from swine to ferrets (which can be used as a model for humans). We also aim to study the immune response against these viruses, and what are the main factors that tip the balance to mild or severe disease. One of the main aims is to determine the zoonotic potential (i.e. the potential for these viruses to jump from a non-human animal to humans) of these viruses, and which ones in particular pose a higher risk. To do this, we aim to integrate data arising from different experiments by using relevant mathematical, computational and statistical techniques. Our results will help predict the zoonotic potential, transmission, and pathogenicity of existing and emerging swine Influenza viruses and porcine respiratory coronaviruses.

流感和冠状病毒引起了人类最致命的大流行，猪是关键的病毒储存库。 A型和猪呼吸冠状病毒的流感病毒在猪中是enzootic的，但它们在致病性和免疫控制方面有所不同。牛是流感病毒的天然宿主，但现在是猪中新兴的病毒，其发病机理仍然没有被逐渐倍增。 A型猪流感病毒具有巨大的遗传多样性，具有许多“重新构成”（即，当在涉及不同病毒或病毒菌株的共同感染期间发生遗传交换时）同时循环的基因型，并且是一种证明的zoonotic和zoonotic and Pandepic威胁。猪呼吸道冠状病毒和猪流感D的大流行潜力尚不确定。在这个项目中，我们旨在回答有关这些病毒的传播性和致病性问题。我们的目标是更好地了解这些病毒的传播动力学是在猪和从猪到雪貂之间的什么（可以用作人类的模型）。我们还旨在研究针对这些病毒的免疫反应，以及将平衡变为轻度或严重疾病的主要因素。主要目的之一是确定这些病毒的人畜共患潜力（即这些病毒从非人类动物跳到人类的潜力），尤其是尤其是较高的风险。为此，我们旨在通过使用相关的数学，计算和统计技术来整合来自不同实验的数据。我们的结果将有助于预测现有和新兴猪流感病毒和猪呼吸冠状病毒的人畜共患潜力，传播和致病性。