RELATED MOLECULAR AND PHYSIOLOGICAL EVENTS IN VISION

视觉中的相关分子和生理事件

• 批准号: 3255324
• 负责人: SANFORD E OSTROY
• 金额: $ 14.83万
• 依托单位: PURDUE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1977
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1977-05-01 至 1988-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3255324
• 关键词: adenosine triphosphate; all trans retinol; bioenergetics; conformation; cyclic GMP; electrophysiology; fresh water environment; genetic transduction; light adaptations; molecular biology; mutant; neurophysiology; oxygen consumption; phosphorylation; photochemistry; photolysis; rhodopsin; spectrometry; vision; visual photoreceptor

The overall objective of the research program is to elucidate molecular mechanisms which are important in biological systems. The system being studied is the vertebrate photoreceptor. A major emphasis of the research plan is to combine electrophysiological, metabolic, biochemical and rhodopsin studies to provide some understanding of the functioning of the vertebrate photoreceptor. The uniqueness of the approach is the variety of techniques which are applied to studies of the system and the use, when possible, of excised retinas which are physioloically active. One study is on the role of cGMP in the vertebrate photoreceptor. As a major part of this study a chemical change of the perfusate is used to alter the cGMP concentration of the photoreceptor wihtin normal physiological limits and its electrophysiological and metabolic consequences are investigated. Another study is the role of energy consuming processes in the functioning of the photoreceptor. In one aspect of this study various ions and inhibitors are used to alter the ATP concentration of the photoreceptor and the functional and oxygen consumption properties of the cell. Another area of study are the reactions and conformation changes of rhodopsin. The conformation changes of rhodopsin during its photolysis, the molecular mechanisms involved in these conformation changes and the role of rhodopsin in the functioning and maintenance of the photoreceptor are some of the questions being approached. Phototransduction mutants of Drosophila are also used to study the functioning of the photoreceptors. Using single gene lesions of Drosophila, which have their primary effect on a single polypeptide, it is possible to observe interactions between the phototransduction process and the processes responsible for the maintenance of the rhodopsin concentration and sturctural integrity of the cell. In addition to providing information on cellular interactions, this genetic approach may be usable to identify unknown components in the phototransduction process.

研究计划的总体目的是阐明分子 在生物系统中很重要的机制。 系统是 研究的是脊椎动物光感受器。 研究的主要重点 计划是结合电生理，代谢，生化和 视紫红质研究以提供一些对该功能的理解 脊椎动物感光器。 该方法的独特性是多种多样 应用于系统和使用的技术，当 可能会切除的视网膜具有生理活性。 一项研究是 关于CGMP在脊椎动物感光器中的作用。 作为主要部分 这项研究使用灌注液的化学变化来改变CGMP 光感受器Wihtin正常生理限制的浓度和 研究了其电生理和代谢后果。 另一项研究是能源消耗过程在功能中的作用 光感受器的。 在这项研究的一个方面，各种离子和 抑制剂用于改变光感受器的ATP浓度和 细胞的功能和氧消耗特性。 另一个区域 研究是视紫红质的反应和构象变化。 这 视紫红质在光解过程中的构象变化，分子 这些构象变化涉及的机制和视紫红质的作用 在光感受器的功能和维护中是一些 问题正在解决。 果蝇的光转导突变体是 还用于研究感光体的功能。 使用单个 果蝇的基因病变，它们对单个的主要作用 多肽，可以观察到 光转移过程和负责维护的过程 细胞的视紫红质浓度和稳固性完整性。 在 除了提供有关细胞相互作用的信息，该遗传 方法可能是可以使用的，以确定未知组件 光转导过程。