Mycoprotein 2.0

菌蛋白2.0

• 批准号: BB/P020364/1
• 负责人: Richard Harrison
• 金额: $ 68.77万
• 依托单位: National Institute of Agricultural Botany
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FP020364%2F1
• 关键词: Mycoprotein; 2.0

As prosperity rises, demand for meat increases as it is a rich source of protein. This in turn places demand on water resources, changes land use (in a manner highly dependent upon how the animal is fed) and leads to an increase in anthropogenic GHG emissions. This has been determined to be unsustainable by a number of international bodies, with some estimates predicting a 70% rise from current levels of 11% of total GHG emissions by 2050. However, demand for protein can also be met by crop-based sources (e.g. soy and pulses) and by mycoprotein, produced by fermentation of crop-derived glucose into biomass, which is harvested and processed into high quality protein. Mycoprotein remains a relatively under-exploited resource worldwide but offers great promise for year-round production of high quality protein, a vital requirement for future food security and human nutrition. The most significant challenge to production is the reliance on a single carbon source, a wheat-derived glucose, which requires special processing before it is suitable for use. Our recent work has revealed that while the fungus used to produce mycoprotein is grown on this glucose substrate, production of a number of essential vitamins is inhibited. Our recent work has revealed that expression of vitamins in some other carbon sources, for example beet derived sucrose syrup is observed. In some, but not all cases, this is coupled to an increase in other deleterious secondary metabolites. This leads to the question, how is the fungus regulating secondary metabolism in relation to carbon source? To expand both the nutritional value of mycoprotein and the range of carbon sources that can be utilised (enabling production to move to other regions of the world) we will use the latest DNA sequencing techniques to reveal the structure of the genome of Fusarium venenatum and study the regions of the genome that contain secondary metabolite genes. From work carried out in other related fungi it is known that control of secondary metabolism (SM) is regulated by the position of SM cluster in the genome, and by specific regulatory factors. Utilising the latest sequencing techniques will allow us to positionally resolve SM location and determine the underlying mechanisms regulating responses to different carbon sources.Through a series of controlled batch and continuous culture experiments we will develop techniques to selectively induce vitamin biosynthesis across a range of carbon sources, without inducing the expression of deleterious SM genes, providing both an understanding of the control of SM and an enhanced product for future product development. Building on our existing work we will expand the toolbox of molecular techniques in order to edit the genome of F. venenatum to remove deleterious secondary metabolite gene clusters and their regulatory factors which are induced in response to different carbon sources. As a result of this work, mycoprotein will be able to be produced using a larger range of carbon sources drawing upon a wider range of UK agricultural sources (maize, barley, rice) and even shift to sucrose-based production of mycoprotein (a carbon source that has currently been completely inaccessible), utilising UK sources of sucrose such as sugar beet. Furthermore, the ability to enhance the complement of micronutrients in mycoprotein will broaden its utility as an important component of global diets and offers a more sustainable and flexible alternative to meat.

随着繁荣的上升，对肉类的需求增加，因为它是丰富的蛋白质来源。反过来，这对水资源的需求，改变了土地使用（以高度依赖动物的喂养方式），并导致人为温室气体排放的增加。许多国际机构已经确定这是不可持续的，一些估计预测到到2050年到2050年，目前的11％的Ghg总排放水平上升了70％。但是，基于农作物的来源（例如大豆和豆类）也可以满足蛋白质的需求，并通过霉菌素（例如，霉菌素）以及通过发酵量高的生物量来培训，并培养了较高的生物量，该蛋白会产生。霉菌蛋白在全球范围内仍然是一种相对易于开发的资源，但为全年生产高质量蛋白质提供了巨大的希望，这对于未来的粮食安全和人类营养来说是至关重要的。生产最重大的挑战是对单个碳源的依赖，即小麦衍生的葡萄糖，该葡萄糖需要在适合使用之前进行特殊加工。我们最近的工作表明，尽管用于产生霉菌蛋白的真菌在这种葡萄糖底物上生长，但抑制了许多必需维生素的产生。我们最近的工作表明，在其他一些碳源中，维生素的表达，例如，观察到甜菜衍生的蔗糖糖浆。在某些但并非所有情况下，这与其他有害的次级代谢产物的增加相结合。这导致了一个问题，真菌如何调节与碳源有关的次级代谢？为了扩大霉菌蛋白的营养价值和可以利用的碳源范围（使生产能够移至世界其他地区），我们将使用最新的DNA测序技术来揭示福萨拟南芥病变的结构，并研究包含二级代理基因基因组的区域。从其他相关真菌进行的工作中，众所周知，次级代谢（SM）的控制受基因组中SM簇的位置以及特定的调节因素的调节。利用最新的测序技术将使我们能够定位解决位置并确定调节对不同碳源的响应的潜在机制。通过一系列受控的批量和连续的培养实验，我们将开发技术来选择性地诱导维生素生物合成的碳源，而无需诱导Sm An sm An Smer的范围，并诱导SM AN的表达，并诱导SM AN的表达。产品开发。在我们现有工作的基础上，我们将扩展分子技术的工具箱，以编辑venenatum的基因组，以去除有害的次级代谢物基因簇及其调节因子，这些因素是响应于不同碳源的响应而引起的。由于这项工作，霉菌蛋白将能够使用更大的碳源来生产更多的碳源（玉米，大麦，大米），甚至转移到基于蔗糖的霉菌蛋白（目前完全不可接受的碳源）的生产（一种完全不可接受的碳来源），利用英国的英国来源，使用了succrose of Succrose of Succrose sualceccorse sugare Beets sugare beet sugare Beet。此外，增强霉菌蛋白中微量营养素补充的能力将扩大其作为全球饮食的重要组成部分的效用，并提供更可持续和灵活的肉类替代品。

项目成果

Additional file 6 of CRISPR/Cas9 mediated editing of the Quorn fungus Fusarium venenatum A3/5 by transient expression of Cas9 and sgRNAs targeting endogenous marker gene PKS12

CRISPR/Cas9 的附加文件 6 通过靶向内源标记基因 PKS12 的 Cas9 和 sgRNA 的瞬时表达介导 Quorn 真菌 Fusarium v​​enenatum A3/5 的编辑

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17037354
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Wilson F

Additional file 1 of CRISPR/Cas9 mediated editing of the Quorn fungus Fusarium venenatum A3/5 by transient expression of Cas9 and sgRNAs targeting endogenous marker gene PKS12

通过 Cas9 和 sgRNA 瞬时表达靶向内源标记基因 PKS12，CRISPR/Cas9 介导的 Quorn 真菌 Fusarium v​​enenatum A3/5 编辑的附加文件 1

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17037333
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Wilson F

The Genome of the CTG(Ser1) Yeast Scheffersomyces stipitis Is Plastic.

• DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01871-21
• 发表时间: 2021-10-26
• 期刊: mBio
• 影响因子: 6.4
• 作者: Vega-Estévez S;Armitage A;Bates HJ;Harrison RJ;Buscaino A
• 通讯作者: Buscaino A

The genome of the CTG(Ser1) yeast S cheffersomyces stipitis is plastic

CTG(Ser1) 酵母 Stipfersomyces stipitis 的基因组是塑料的

• DOI: 10.1101/2021.02.15.431239
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Estevez S

Additional file 2 of CRISPR/Cas9 mediated editing of the Quorn fungus Fusarium venenatum A3/5 by transient expression of Cas9 and sgRNAs targeting endogenous marker gene PKS12

通过 Cas9 和 sgRNA 瞬时表达靶向内源标记基因 PKS12，CRISPR/Cas9 介导的 Quorn 真菌 Fusarium v​​enenatum A3/5 编辑的附加文件 2

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17037336
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Wilson F