WATER AND ELECTROLYTES IN HEALTH AND DISEASE

水和电解质与健康和疾病的关系

• 批准号: 3225927
• 负责人: FRANKLIN H EPSTEIN
• 金额: $ 27.65万
• 依托单位: BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1974
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1974-09-01 至 1988-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3225927
• 关键词: active transport; adenosinetriphosphatase; adenylate cyclase; angiotensins; aquatic organism; bicarbonates; biological fluid transport; biological models; cations; cell membrane; edema; electrolyte balance; electrolytes; glomerular filtration; glucocorticoids; gluconeogenesis; ion transport; isolation perfusion; lithium; membrane model; membrane permeability; micropuncture; oxygen consumption; radioimmunoassay; renal tubular transport; renin; saluresis; thyroxine

The role of reduced glutathione in preserving renal function and structure will be investigated, using the isolated perfused rat kidney as a model. We have preliminary evidence that glutathione depletion may produce lesions localized to the thick ascending limb associated with disproportionate reduction in concentrating ability. Specific inhibition of GSH synthesis and cellular depletion of GSH in a variety of ways will be employed, and an attempt made to correlate histological evidence of structural damage to cells and functional alterations, with tissue levels of reduced thiols, using both histochemical and enzymatic methods to evaluate this. The way in which Na-K-ATPase is activated when transepithelial transport is increased will be studied in the isolated perfused elasmobranch rectal gland. Intracellular sodium will be monitored non-invasively and sequentially by a new technique using nuclear magnetic resonance (23Na NMR). Steady-state levels of phosphorus intermediates will also be estimated with 31P NMR, together with the unidirectional rates of phosphate turnover, using the method of saturation transfer. Changes in intracellular electrical potential will be evaluated in separated tubules and cells before and after stimulation of transport, using fluorescent and radioactive probes. Alterations in ouabain binding of rectal gland cells will be assessed before and after secretion is stimulated. The possibility of interchange of pump enzyme between cell interior and plasma membranes by the mechanisms of exocytosis and of membrane internalization will be investigated. The possible role of protein kinase in activating cell membrane Na-K-ATPase will also be explored in direct experiments using partially purified enzyme and protein kinase prepared from rectal gland tissue.

减少谷胱甘肽在保存肾功能和结构中的作用 将使用孤立的灌注大鼠肾脏作为模型进行研究。 我们有初步证据表明谷胱甘肽耗竭可能会产生病变 与不成比例相关的较厚的上升肢 浓缩能力的降低。 GSH合成的特定抑制作用 将采用多种方式对GSH的细胞耗竭，并 试图将结构损害的组织学证据与 细胞和功能改变，组织水平降低硫醇， 使用组织化学和酶促方法对此进行评估。 道路 当transepithelial运输为 将在孤立的灌注弹性直肠上研究增加 腺。 细胞内钠将非侵入性监测，并 依次通过使用核磁共振的新技术（23NA） NMR）。 稳态磷中间体的水平也将是 用31p NMR估计，以及磷酸盐的单向速率 营业额，使用饱和转移方法。 变更 细胞内电势将在分离的小管中评估 刺激转运前后的细胞，使用荧光和 放射性探针。 直肠腺细胞的ouabain结合的改变 将在刺激分泌之前和之后评估。 可能性 细胞内部和质膜之间的泵酶互换 胞吐作用和膜内部化的机制将是 调查。 蛋白激酶在激活细胞中的可能作用 膜Na-k-ATPase也将在直接实验中使用 由直肠腺制备的部分纯化的酶和蛋白激酶 组织。