EVALUATION OF COCHLEAR IMPLANTS WITH DEAF CHILDREN

聋哑儿童人工耳蜗的评估

• 批准号: 3216898
• 负责人: ANN Elizabeth GEERS
• 金额: $ 32.37万
• 依托单位: CENTRAL INSTITUTE FOR THE DEAF
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-02-01 至 1993-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3216898
• 关键词: auditory discrimination; child with disability; cochlea; cochlear implants; deaf aid; deafness; electrotactile communication; hearing tests; human subject; implant; language development

Teachers, and school administrators as well as audiologists and otolaryngologists are being asked by parents whether a cochlear implant would be of help to their profoundly deaf child. Because of the devastating effect profound deafness has on the acquisition of speech the primary question is "Will a cochlear implant help my child learn to talk?" The extraordinary expense of cochlear implants, financially as well as emotionally in terms of the parents' investment of hope, necessitates establishing an objective basis for recommending an implant. At the present time this decision is influenced by empathy for children so deaf they do not benefit from hearing aids as well as parental and professional expectations of positive results. These expectations are based largely on successful experiences reported by postlingually deafened adults. Results obtained so far on prelingually deaf children with single-channel implants are not as promising, particularly with regard to their development of spoken language. The proposed investigations are intended to determine objectively whether cochlear electrical stimulators (CES), tactile aids (TA), acoustic hearing aids (AHA) or some combination of these are best for developing spoken language in prelingual profoundly deaf children. One study will compare improvements in comprehension and production of spoken language for 20 children fitted with cochlear implants in relation to 20 matched children with tactile aids and 20 with hearing aids. All 60 children will be enrolled in the same intensive oral training program. This will permit examination of the effects of these devices over and above gains normally achieved as a result of oral instruction. A single subject design will be used to examine improvements in speech perception and speech production within the same child when a CES or TA is worn compared to periods in which the device is removed or turned off. The anticipated outcomes of this project include: 1) Specification of improvements in speech perception and speech production ability which may be anticipated with a tactile aid or cochlear implant over conventional amplification; 2) Comparison of the long term advantage of each device in promoting the acquisition of spoken language and intelligible speech in the prelingually profoundly deaf child; 3) Recommendations regarding selection of the most effective device and training program for specific categories of profoundly deaf children; 4) Recommendations for an appropriate battery of tests for evaluating device effectiveness.

教师、学校管理人员以及听力学家和 家长询问耳鼻喉科医生是否存在人工耳蜗 植入物将对他们的严重耳聋的孩子有所帮助。 因为 重度耳聋对习得能力的破坏性影响 演讲的首要问题是“人工耳蜗能否帮助我 孩子学会说话？”人工耳蜗的巨额费用 植入物，无论是经济上还是情感上 父母投入希望，需要设定目标 推荐植入物的基础。 目前这个时间 决定受到对儿童的同理心的影响，因此聋哑人不会 受益于助听器以及父母和专业人士 积极成果的期望。 这些期望是基于 很大程度上依赖于后语者报道的成功经验 聋哑的成年人。 迄今为止在语前聋人身上获得的结果 使用单通道植入物的儿童没有那么有希望， 特别是在他们口语的发展方面。 拟议的调查旨在客观地确定 无论是耳蜗电刺激器 (CES)、触觉辅助器 (TA)、 声学助听器 (AHA) 或这些助听器的某种组合 最适合语前深度聋人发展口语 孩子们。 一项研究将比较理解力的提高 并为 20 名配备了设备的儿童制作口语 为 20 名具有触觉能力的匹配儿童植入人工耳蜗 助听器和20个带有助听器。 60名儿童全部入学 同样的强化口语训练计划。 这将允许 检查这些设备对增益的影响 通常通过口头教学来实现。 单一主题 设计将用于检查语音感知的改进 当 CES 或 TA 发生时，同一个孩子的言语产生 与设备被移除或移除期间相比，磨损情况 关闭。 该项目的预期成果包括：1） 言语感知和言语改善的规范 可以通过触觉辅助或预期的生产能力 人工耳蜗优于传统放大技术； 2）比较 每种设备在促进 口语和可理解言语的习得 语前深度聋儿童； 3）有关建议 选择最有效的设备和培训计划 特定类别的重度聋哑儿童； 4） 适当的一系列测试的建议 评估设备有效性。