Newton-Bhabha Virtual Centre on Nitrogen Efficiency of Whole-cropping Systems for improved performance and resilience in agriculture (NEWS India-UK)

牛顿-巴巴虚拟中心研究全作作物系统的氮效率，以提高农业绩效和恢复力（新闻印度-英国）

• 批准号: BB/N013492/1
• 负责人: Mark Sutton
• 金额: $ 147.89万
• 依托单位: NERC CEH (Up to 30.11.2019)
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FN013492%2F1
• 关键词: Newton; Bhabha; Virtual; Centre; Nitrogen

The need to optimize agricultural nitrogen (N) use is fast emerging as a key global challenge where international cooperation can play a transformational role. The NEWS India-UK Virtual Joint Centre builds on existing global leadership by UK and Indian N researchers to develop and test innovative approaches to optimize N management that help meeting food security goals while reducing multiple environmental threats. The NEWS India-UK reflects the need to apply the full array of N management opportunities through bi-lateral cooperation between India and UK. This includes improving both crop biological nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), using improved genetic material to help biochemical processes be more efficient and agronomic NUE, which considers the amount of N reaching harvested products compared with N inputs, which can be improved by better field and fertilizer management practices. "NEWS" stands for Nitrogen Efficiency of Whole cropping Systems, reflecting the need for both these strategies if the full benefits are to be achieved. However, NEWS India-UK also takes two important further steps. Firstly, it applies the outcomes of biological and agronomic NUE advances at the farm scale. Critical here is the need to recycle all available N sources (such as manures, crop residues, atmospheric inputs and biological nitrogen fixation) and to examine the barriers that limit adoption of available methods at the farm scale. Secondly, it scales up the outcomes to the national scale. By focusing on establishing a full agricultural nitrogen budget for India, the approach will point to the major opportunities for improvement. This will integrate the plant and agronomic NUE strategies, farm scale options and national strategies (including from N policies, spatial optimization etc) that could be used to improve N management at a national level, giving clear estimates of the overall benefits. This will enable forward looks or 'scenarios' that explore 'what if' situations of how N could be managed better in the future and how it could contribute to food and energy security, improve agricultural resilience to climate change and reduce effects of water, air and soil pollution. Virtual Centre deliberately combines scientific disciplines to cross-fertilize ideas and develop more joined-up solutions. Analysis of natural genetic variation, together with the opportunity that can be provided by Genetic Modification (GM) techniques, will support process studies on improving plant level NUE. At the field scale, the project will quantify full nitrogen budgets, measure all major N emissions to the air and water and demonstrate how NUE improvements translate into reduced N pollution and greenhouse gas emission. The field scale will also bring together the options to see how a combination of genetic and agronomic improvements can maximize net benefits of better nitrogen management for higher productivity and climate resilience. The experimental datasets will then be applied, with support of case studies, to assess the farm scale, with mathematical models used to bring information together and to consider simple tools that can support small-holder farmers for better decision making. Finally, the national-scale work is also addressed by using models, where available statistical information for Indian agriculture is brought together with the expert understanding to develop country-level estimates and the forward look. The work of the NEWS India-UK virtual centre is organized around 5 science components: C1: Plant strategies, genetics and improving plant NUE; C2: Agronomic strategies to improving field-level NUE; C3: Farm scale nitrogen strategies, maximizing the value of all N sources; C4: National scale nitrogen strategies and scientific synthesis; and finally, C5: Capacity Building, Training and Dissemination, which links across the Virtual Centre to strengthen the research integration and build the basis for durable India-UK cooperation.

优化农业氮（N）使用的需求是迅速成为全球挑战的迅速发展，国际合作可以发挥变革作用。印度新闻 - 英国虚拟联合中心基于英国和印度N研究人员的现有全球领导，以开发和测试创新的方法，以优化N管理，以帮助实现粮食安全目标，同时减少多种环境威胁。印度新闻印度的新闻反映了通过印度和英国之间的双边合作来运用全部n个管理机会的必要性。这包括提高作物生物氮的利用效率（NUE），使用改进的遗传材料来帮助生化过程更有效和农艺性NUE，它考虑了与N输入相比，可以通过更好的领域和肥料管理实践来改善收获产品的N含量。 “新闻”代表了整个农作物系统的氮效率，如果要实现全部收益，则反映了对这两种策略的需求。但是，印度新闻 - 印度 - 还采取了两个重要的步骤。首先，它应用了农场规模的生物学和农艺发展进步的结果。这里至关重要的是需要回收所有可用的N来源（例如肥料，农作物残留物，大气输入和生物氮固定），并检查限制在农场规模上采用可用方法的障碍。其次，它将结果扩展到国家规模。通过专注于为印度建立全部农业氮预算，该方法将指出改进的主要机会。这将整合植物和农艺努力策略，农场规模的选择和国家战略（包括来自n个政策，空间优化等），可用于改善国家一级的n管理，从而明确估计整体收益。这将使探索“如果“如何在将来可以更好地管理”以及如何促进粮食和能源安全，提高农业弹性对气候变化并减少水，空气和土壤污染的影响的情况下，探索“探索”情况的“探索”情况。虚拟中心故意结合科学学科，以交叉利用思想并开发更多联合的解决方案。自然遗传变异的分析，以及遗传修饰（GM）技术可以提供的机会，将支持有关改善植物水平NUE的过程研究。在现场尺度上，该项目将量化全氮预算，测量对空气和水的所有主要氮排放，并证明NUE改进如何转化为减少n污染和温室气体排放。现场尺度还将汇集各种选择，以了解遗传和农艺改善的结合如何最大程度地提高氮管理的净益处，从而提高生产率和气候弹性。然后，将在案例研究的支持下应用实验数据集，以评估农场规模，并使用数学模型将信息汇集在一起​​，并考虑可以支持小型持有人的简单工具，以提供更好的决策。最后，还通过使用模型来解决国家规模的工作，而印度农业的可用统计信息与专家理解融为一体，以制定国家级别的估计和前瞻性外观。新闻印度 - 英国虚拟中心的工作围绕5个科学组成部分：C1：植物策略，遗传学和改善植物nue； C2：改善现场级别的农艺策略； C3：农场规模的氮策略，最大化所有N来源的价值； C4：国家规模的氮策略和科学综合；最后，C5：能力建设，培训和传播，它们在整个虚拟中心之间建立了联系，以加强研究整合并为持久的印度-UK合作建立基础。

项目成果

The impact of different fertiliser management options and cultivars on nitrogen use efficiency and yield for rice cropping in the Indo-Gangetic Plain: Two seasons of methane, nitrous oxide and ammonia emissions

• DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2023.108593
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
• 作者: A. Bhatia;N. Cowan;J. Drewer;R. Tomer;Vinod Kumar;Shikha Sharma;Ankita Paul;N. Jain;Surinder Kumar;Girish Nath Jha;M. S. Singh;R. Prasanna;Balasubramanium Ramakrishnan;S. Bandyopadhyay;D. Kumar;M. Sutton;H. Pathak

Credit System to Solve Agriculture Induced Nitrogen Pollution Globally

信用体系解决全球农业氮污染问题

• 发表时间: 2019
• 作者: Chen, D.

Spatio-temporal distribution of reactive nitrogen species in relation to wheat cultivation in Bangladesh

• DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-04120-z
• 发表时间: 2021-01
• 期刊: SN Applied Sciences
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: J. Biswas;M. Hossain;M. Maniruzzaman;M. Haque;S. Akhter;U. Naher;M. M. Rahman-M.;T. Adhya;M. S

Climate smart agricultural practices improve soil quality through organic carbon enrichment and lower greenhouse gas emissions in farms of bread bowl of India

• DOI: 10.1071/sr21031
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Soil Research
• 影响因子: 1.6
• 作者: A. Datta;D. Nayak;J. Smith;P. C. Sharma;H. Jat;A. Yadav;M. L. Jat

Co-applied Nitrogen and Auxin via Nano-clay-Polymer Composites Enhances Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency

• DOI: 10.1007/s42729-023-01499-7
• 发表时间: 2023-10
• 期刊: Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: D. Chatterjee;T. Adak;B. K. Nayak;Ranjan Paul;Abhijit Pradhan;Mark A. Sutton;J. Drewer;Saikat Ranjan Das;Amaresh Kumar Nayak;Himanshu Pathak