Unravelling the aetiology of contagious ovine digital dermatitis.

揭示传染性羊指皮炎的病因。

• 批准号: BB/N002121/1
• 负责人: Nicholas Evans
• 金额: $ 50.17万
• 依托单位: University of Liverpool
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FN002121%2F1
• 关键词: Unravelling; aetiology; contagious; ovine; digital

Contagious ovine digital dermatitis (CODD) is an extremely severe and relatively recent cause of infectious lameness in sheep in the UK, affecting approximately 35-53% of UK sheep farms and 300,000 sheep annually. The economic impact of CODD is unknown but likely similar to that of footrot, another common cause of lameness which is estimated at £24million per year. The Farm Animal Welfare Council, who report to the UK government on farm animal welfare issues, identified that research into this new disease should be a priority. Research into footrot has led to substantial improvements for the evidenced based advice available to farmers and vets on this aspect of lameness, and has been widely taken up by the sheep industry. However many farmers are struggling to control CODD infection in their flocks and substantial research support is required here. The applicants are currently the only research group studying CODD and through funding from the British Veterinary Association, HCC and EBLEX, this research group is making advances in our understanding of the epidemiology, pathology and microbiology of the disease, including the development of control strategies using antimicrobial drugs. The outputs of this work will produce practical solutions for the farming industry. Given the severe pressure on antimicrobial usage world-wide, sustainable, non-antibiotic solutions to CODD must focus on preventative approaches such as stopping the introduction of disease into naïve flocks through biosecurity and improvement in the sheep's ability to resist infection through vaccination. Both these solutions require a greater knowledge of the agent(s) causing the disease than we currently possess. We have already demonstrated evidence that specific culturable treponemes identical to those from bovine digital dermatitis have an association with CODD lesions and data from other studies has suggested a role for Dichelobacter nodosus and Fusobacterium necrophorum. This study proposes to i) carry out substantial metagenomic (entire microbial community) investigations of CODD lesions to identify the key microbes involved and ii)to characterise the host immune response to the identified microbes and determine whether specific antigens may allow a protective immune response to underpin future vaccine studies and iii) to use additional metagenomic surveys of the host farm environment and faeces to detect the relevant microbes which should allow for relevant farmer / veterinary guidelines to improve disease control.This proposal would ensure we obtain a greater understanding of the role of different bacteria in CODD development. This information will be key to future vaccine studies so that the correct microorganisms are targeted for vaccine design. Monitoring specific immunity in the naive sheep flock to be used in this study after exposure to CODD will allow assessment of the different stages of the infective process. This will not only describe stages of microbial infections but may also identify whether some animals are able to produce an effective immune response allowing for subsequent antigen discovery for effective vaccines. Identification of the considered causal microorganisms will also allow for more appropriate antimicrobial treatments thus reducing the risk of antibiotic resistance developing. Monitoring bacterial populations of CODD lesions post treatment should inform biosecurity practices i.e. whether treated animals result in bacteriological cure or become asymptomatic CODD "carriers". Monitoring faeces and environmental samples prior and post antibiotic treatment will also allow for development of best farm practices to minimise reinfection of sheep with CODD thus preventing failure / overuse of antibiotic treatment at the flock level.Investigating CODD using the various methods described above, should improve understanding of the disease and contribute towards the eradication of this painful and expensive disease.

传染性的椭圆形数字皮炎（CODD）是英国绵羊感染性la行的非常严重且相对较新的原因，每年约有35-53％的英国绵羊农场和30万绵羊影响35-53％。 CODD的经济影响尚不清楚，但可能与脚步的经济影响相似，这是la行的另一个常见原因，估计为每年2400万英镑。农场动物福利委员会向英国政府报告了农场动物福利问题，他确定对这种新疾病的研究应该是当务之急。对脚步的研究已导致对农民和兽医在la行的这一方面可获得的基于证据的建议，并被绵羊行业广泛采用。但是，许多农民都在努力控制羊群中的CODD感染，此处需要大量的研究支持。申请人目前是研究CODD的唯一研究小组，并且通过英国兽医协会HCC和EBLEX的资助，该研究小组正在进步我们对疾病流行病学，病理学和微生物学的理解，包括使用抗菌药物制定控制策略。这项工作的产出将为农业产生实用的解决方案。鉴于全球范围内对抗菌使用的巨大压力，可持续的，非抗生素的溶液必须集中在预防方法上，例如通过生物安全性阻止疾病引入幼稚的羊群，并改善绵羊通过疫苗抵抗感染的能力。这两种解决方案都需要对引起疾病的药物的了解比我们目前拥有的更多。我们已经证明了证据表明，与牛数字皮炎相同的特定可培养的三链球菌与CODD病变有关联，并且已经提出了来自其他研究的数据，这表明二甲杆菌Nodosus和Necrophrophorum二分杆菌起作用。这项研究提出了i）对CODD病变进行大量的宏基因组（整个微生物群落）调查，以识别所涉及的关键微生物，ii）ii）以表征对已确定的微生物的免疫反应，并确定特定的特定抗原是否可以允许受保护的免疫响应以使用其他MECTER疫苗研究，以探测其他Metsys and thots and Metsys and II II II II II II II II II II II II II）应允许相关农民 /兽医指南改善疾病控制的微生物。该提案将确保我们对不同细菌在CODD发育中的作用有更深入的了解。这些信息将是未来疫苗研究的关键，因此将正确的微生物用于疫苗设计。暴露于CODD后，监测在本研究中使用的天真绵羊群中的特定免疫力将允许评估感染过程的不同阶段。这不仅可以描述微生物感染的阶段，而且还可以确定某些动物是否能够产生有效的免疫响应，从而使随后的抗原发现有效疫苗。鉴定所考虑的因果微生物还将允许更合适的抗菌治疗，从而降低产生抗生素耐药性的风险。治疗后的CODD病变细菌群体应告知生物安全实践，即治疗的动物是否会导致细菌治愈或成为不对称的CODD“载体”。先前和抗生素治疗的监测粪便和环境样本还将允许开发最佳的农场实践，以最大程度地减少绵羊的重新感染，从而防止在羊群水平上失败 /过度使用抗生素治疗。使用上述各种方法对CODD进行评估，以改善对疾病的理解并有助于消除这种痛苦和昂贵的疾病。

项目成果

Additional file 4 of The dysbiosis of ovine foot microbiome during the development and treatment of contagious ovine digital dermatitis

传染性羊指皮炎发生和治疗过程中羊足部微生物群失调的附加文件4

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14053666
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Duncan J

Additional file 2 of The dysbiosis of ovine foot microbiome during the development and treatment of contagious ovine digital dermatitis

传染性羊指皮炎发生和治疗过程中羊足部微生物群失调的附加文件2

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14053660
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Duncan J

Additional file 1 of The dysbiosis of ovine foot microbiome during the development and treatment of contagious ovine digital dermatitis

传染性羊指皮炎发生和治疗过程中羊足部微生物群失调的附加文件1

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14053657
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Duncan J

Contagious ovine digital dermatitis (CODD) - where are we now?

传染性绵羊指皮炎（CODD）——我们现在在哪里？

• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: CATTLE PRACTICE
• 影响因子: 0.3
• 作者: Angell J. W.

The Dysbiosis of Ovine Foot Microbiome During the Development and Treatment of Contagious Ovine Digital Dermatitis

传染性羊指皮炎发生和治疗过程中羊足部微生物群的失调

• DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-96268/v1
• 发表时间: 2020
• 作者: Duncan J