SALT PREFERENCE--INFLUENCE OF STRAIN AND AGE

盐偏好——应变和年龄的影响

• 批准号: 2683890
• 负责人: ILENE L BERNSTEIN
• 金额: $ 12.2万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1984
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1984-09-01 至 2001-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2683890
• 关键词: age difference; amiloride; biological models; chorda tympani; genetic strain; laboratory rat; neuroanatomy; neurosurgery; preference; salt intake; taste; taste buds

DESCRIPTION: The long range goal of this project is to identify factors which contribute to the ingestion of sodium or NaCl in excess of physiological need. The determinants of salt preference are of particular interest because high salt intake has been implicated in the development and maintenance of essential hypertension in humans. In the rat NaCl preference varies as a function of age and genetic characteristics, and these variations are associated with differences in signaling in gustatory pathways, in particular, amiloride-sensitive sodium signals conveyed by the chorda tympani nerve. Neonatal rats, of a variety of strains, prefer and freely ingest solutions containing remarkably high concentrations of NaCl, and their gustatory neural sensitivity to NaCl is relatively low. In contrast, the Fisher 344 (F344) rat fails to prefer NaCl solutions to water and avoids them at concentrations preferred by other strains. F344 rats show an amplified neural response to NaCl stimulation and this elevation appears to be due entirely to greater amiloride sensitivity. When the pathway carrying these signals is transected, the aversion disappears and F344 rats display a clear preference for NaCl. In addition, the recent finding of an anomalous preference for NH4Cl in adult rats which received CTX as neonates is reminiscent of the paradoxical NH4Cl preference of neonates, demonstrating the striking plasticity of the developing gustatory system as well as the involvement of multiple interacting pathways. Thus the studies in this proposal focus on determining the nature of these interactions and their potential for modification using these genetic and developmental variants as model systems. Studies will determine the effect on the microstructure of licking for NaCl of: strain; need state; nerve transection; and treatments which increase and decrease amiloride-sensitive sodium transport in taste buds. Studies of adult rats which received transections as neonates will determine whether their anomalous preference for NH4Cl is associated with an impaired ability to discriminate NH4Cl from NaCl. Additional studies will terminal fields of remaining gustatory nerves. Additional studies will define the relationship between maturation of gustatory pathways and developmental changes in taste preference using an assessment technique, taste reactivity, which can be applied with common methods across a wide range of ages.

描述：该项目的长期目标是确定因素 导致摄入过量的钠或氯化钠 生理需要。 盐偏好的决定因素是 特别感兴趣，因为高盐摄入量与 人类原发性高血压的发展和维持。在 大鼠对 NaCl 的偏好随年龄和遗传因素而变化 特征，并且这些变化与差异相关 味觉通路中的信号传导，特别是阿米洛利敏感的 钠信号由鼓索神经传递。 新生大鼠， 多种菌株，喜欢并自由摄取含有 极高浓度的氯化钠及其味觉神经 对 NaCl 的敏感性相对较低。相比之下，Fisher 344 (F344) 大鼠不喜欢 NaCl 溶液而不是水，并且在 其他菌株优选的浓度。 F344 大鼠显示扩增 对 NaCl 刺激的神经反应，这种升高似乎是由于 完全是为了提高阿米洛利敏感性。当路径承载 这些信号被横断，厌恶感消失，F344大鼠 对 NaCl 表现出明显的偏好。此外，最近发现 接受 CTX 治疗的成年大鼠对 NH4Cl 的异常偏好 新生儿让人想起自相矛盾的 NH4Cl 偏好 新生儿，展示了发育中惊人的可塑性 味觉系统以及多种相互作用的参与 途径。因此，本提案中的研究重点是确定 这些相互作用的性质及其修改的潜力 这些遗传和发育变异作为模型系统。研究将 确定 NaCl 对舔微观结构的影响： 拉紧;需要状态；神经横断；和治疗增加和 减少味蕾中阿米洛利敏感的钠转运。研究 成年大鼠在新生儿时接受横切将确定 他们对 NH4Cl 的异常偏好是否与 区分 NH4Cl 和 NaCl 的能力受损。额外的研究将 剩余味觉神经的末端区域。额外的研究将 定义味觉通路的成熟与 使用评估技术来评估口味偏好的发展变化， 味觉反应性，可以通过广泛的通用方法应用 年龄范围。