THREE AXIS OCULAR MOTOR CONTROL BY THE CEREBELLUM

小脑控制三轴眼运动

• 批准号: 2892844
• 负责人: MARK F. WALKER
• 金额: $ 10.81万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-30 至 2004-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2892844
• 关键词: Primates; binocular vision; biological signal transduction; brain disorders; cerebellum; clinical research; computer data analysis; eye disorder diagnosis; eye movement disorders; eye movements; human subject; neuromuscular system; neuroregulation; smooth pursuit eye movement; statistics /biometry; video recording system; visual stimulus

The goal of this career development proposal is to provide the educational and research training necessary for a career in ocular motor neuro-ophthalmology, with an emphasis on the role of the cerebellum in the three-axis (horizontal, vertical, and torsional) control of eye movements. The research plan involves a combination of experimental and modeling approaches with parallel studies in human cerebellar patients and non-human primates. Additional training components include formal instruction in statistics and data analysis, control system approaches to the ocular motor system, mentoring in neural modeling techniques, and additional instruction in clinical neuro-ophthalmology and strabismus. Although much has been learned about the cerebellar control of horizontal and vertical eye movements, studies of the cerebellar control of torsion are much more limited. The experiments in this proposal take advantage of recent advances in three-axis techniques to investigate the vestibulocerebellar, and particularly the floccular, contribution to eye torsion. Using a three-axis magnetic search coil technique, recordings will be made in human cerebellar patients and in primates before and after surgical floccular lesions. Experiments will address the control of three-axis eye velocity during eye movements evoked by visual (pursuit and optokinetic) and vestibular (low- and high-frequency) stimulation. The control of static torsion and binocular alignment will also be investigated. Later experiments will focus on the cerebellar contribution to the linear VOR and on the effects of lesions in other cerebellar regions on three-axis eye movement behavior. These experiments should provide a greater understanding of the pathophysiology of vestibulocerebellar lesions, as well the three-axis representation of visual and eye movement signals in the cerebellum. They also complement other recent studies dealing with peripheral mechanisms of torsion control. Finally, they may lead to a greater insight into the role of the cerebellum in compensating for lesions elsewhere in the ocular motor system, such as superior oblique pareses and other causes of strabismus. This might lead to better treatment for these disorders.

该职业发展提案的目标是提供眼运动神经眼科职业所需的教育和研究培训，重点是小脑在三轴（水平、垂直和扭转）控制中的作用。眼球运动。 该研究计划结合了实验和建模方法以及对人类小脑患者和非人类灵长类动物的平行研究。 其他培训内容包括统计和数据分析的正式指导、眼运动系统的控制系统方法、神经建模技术的指导以及临床神经眼科和斜视的额外指导。尽管人们对小脑对水平和垂直眼球运动的控制已经有了很多了解，但对小脑对扭转的控制的研究却要有限得多。 本提案中的实验利用三轴技术的最新进展来研究前庭小脑，特别是絮状对眼睛扭转的贡献。 使用三轴磁搜索线圈技术，将对人类小脑患者和灵长类动物手术絮状病变前后进行记录。 实验将解决视觉（追踪和视动）和前庭（低频和高频）刺激引起的眼球运动期间三轴眼球速度的控制。 还将研究静态扭转和双目对准的控制。 后续实验将重点关注小脑对线性 VOR 的贡献以及其他小脑区域病变对三轴眼球运动行为的影响。这些实验应该可以更好地理解前庭小脑病变的病理生理学，以及小脑中视觉和眼动信号的三轴表示。 它们还补充了最近处理扭转控制外围机制的其他研究。 最后，它们可能会导致人们更深入地了解小脑在代偿眼运动系统其他部位病变（例如上斜肌麻痹和斜视的其他原因）中的作用。 这可能会导致这些疾病得到更好的治疗。