NORMS, DEFENSIVENESS, AND BINGE DRINKING

规范、防御性和酗酒

• 批准号: 2708811
• 负责人: GINA E AGOSTINELLI
• 金额: $ 15.84万
• 依托单位: PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-07 至 2003-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2708811
• 关键词: alcoholic beverage consumption; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavioral /social science research tag; belief; bias; clinical research; decision making; human subject; impression; information dissemination; judgment; psychological defense mechanism; social adjustment; social perception; university student

APPLICANT'S ABSTRACT: Clinical treatment research suggests that correcting misperceptions concerning the prevalence of binge drinking should reliably affect binge drinking. Three laboratory experiments to be conducted over a period of 4-1/2 years will progressively address how adding different contextual factors to the delivery of prevalence information will impact college students' information processing and subsequent beliefs. The impact of these contextual factors on drinking also will be examined at a six-week follow-up (in Experiments 2 and 3) and a one-year follow-up (Experiment 3). The impact of prevalence information is proposed to depend upon the extent that the varying contexts induce more or less objective information processing. Individual differences in drinking should objectively matter more for certain types of judgements than others. Thus, individual differences in drinking are expected to moderate the obtained findings, depending on the context for delivering this normative information and the specific dependent measure. Three different context effects will be examined across experiments. First, this impact of presenting the normative information alone outside of a self-focusing or evaluative context, is expected to lead to more objective information processing. Second, contrary to what a self-regulation model of objective information processing would predict, but in line with preliminary findings, the addition of an unexpected self-focus manipulation to the presentation of this normative information is expected to lead to more self-serving processing of information, resulting in more biased judgements. Third, the added impact of an evaluative context will be examined by either reminding students that their drinking behavior has implications concerning their personalities or by labeling their drinking. His context should similarly lead to self-serving information processing. Experiment 2 also will go beyond Experiment 1 to examine the moderating influence of delaying the dependent measures on the strength of the context effects observed and the extent that they lead to sustained change. Experiment 3 also will examine the moderating influence of framing the consequences associated with binge drinking. The latter two experiments will examine the mediating roles of both problem recognition and social acceptability judgements on binge drinking. Finally, secondary hypotheses will examine the moderating role of self-deceptive denial and self-deceptive enhancement in qualifying the findings. Results will have direct implications for both designing and implementing interventions for the prevention and treatment of alcohol abuse.

申请人摘要：临床治疗研究表明，纠正 对酗酒盛行率的误解应该可靠地 影响酗酒。 三个实验室实验将在 4-1/2 年的时间将逐步解决如何添加不同的 流行率信息传递的背景因素将影响 大学生的信息处理和随后的信念。 影响 这些与饮酒有关的背景因素也将在为期六周的时间内进行检查 随访（实验 2 和 3）和一年随访（实验 3）。 建议流行率信息的影响取决于程度 不同的背景会产生或多或少的客观信息 加工。 饮酒的个体差异应该是客观重要的 某些类型的判断比其他类型的判断更有效。 因此，个人 饮酒的差异预计会缓和所获得的发现， 取决于提供此规范信息的上下文和 具体的依赖措施。 将产生三种不同的上下文效果 通过实验进行检查。 首先，提出规范的影响 单独在自我关注或评估环境之外的信息，是 预计将导致更客观的信息处理。 二、相反 客观信息处理的自我调节模型将如何 预测，但根据初步调查结果，添加 对本规范的呈现进行了意想不到的自我关注操纵 信息预计将导致更多的自助处理 信息，导致判断更加偏颇。 三、附加影响 将通过提醒学生以下两种方式来检查评估背景： 他们的饮酒行为会影响他们的性格或 通过给他们的饮酒贴上标签。 他的背景同样应该导致 自我服务的信息处理。 实验2也将超越 实验1检验延迟依赖的调节影响 衡量所观察到的背景影响的强度以及影响程度的措施 它们会带来持续的变化。 实验 3 还将检验 调节与暴饮暴食相关的后果的影响 喝。 后两个实验将检验以下因素的中介作用： 对暴饮暴食的问题认识和社会可接受性判断 喝。 最后，次要假设将检验 自我欺骗的否认和自我欺骗的增强 发现。 结果将对设计和 实施预防和治疗酒精的干预措施 虐待。