Manipulation of photosynthetic carbon metabolism in wheat to improve yield

调控小麦光合碳代谢以提高产量

• 批准号: BB/I017372/1
• 负责人: Martin Parry
• 金额: $ 38.71万
• 依托单位: Rothamsted Research
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2012 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FI017372%2F1
• 关键词: Manipulation; photosynthetic; carbon; metabolism; wheat

Ensuring food security is a major challenge given the projected need to increase world food production by 40% in the next 20 years and 70% by 2050 (FAO forecasts). There is clearly an urgent need to develop crop plants that yield higher outputs per unit area of land, without having to increase inputs of fertiliser or water. The aims of this research proposal are to test the hypotheses that: 1) The existing variation in photosynthetic capacity can be exploited to increase photosynthesis and total biomass of modern wheat cultivars; and 2) Genetic manipulation of photosynthetic carbon metabolism can lead to enhanced photosynthetic performance in crop plants and result in higher yields, increased nitrogen use efficiency and increased resource-use efficiency. We will screen existing wheat germplasm from a range of sources using a combination of carbon isotope discrimination, gas analysis and biochemical assays to identify plants with improved photosynthetic characteristics for use in future breeding programmes. We will also produce transgenic wheat plants with altered levels of SBPase and Rubisco. A detailed physiological and molecular analysis of the resulting transgenic lines will be carried out to determine the impact of photosynthetic parameters on growth in greenhouse grown plants.

鉴于预计在未来20年内将世界粮食产量提高40％，到2050年的70％（FAO预测）预计需要将粮食安全是一个重大挑战。显然，迫切需要开发农作物，该作物每单位面积的土地面积产生更高的产量，而不必增加肥料或水的投入。该研究建议的目的是检验以下假设：1）可以利用光合作用能力的现有变化以增加光合作用和现代小麦品种的总生物量； 2）光合作用碳代谢的遗传操作会导致作物植物的光合作用增强，并提高产量，氮利用效率提高和资源利用效率提高。我们将使用碳同位素歧视，气体分析和生化测定的组合从一系列来源筛选现有的小麦种质，以鉴定具有改进光合特征的植物，以在未来的育种计划中使用。我们还将生产具有SBPase和Rubisco水平改变的转基因小麦植物。将对产生的转基因线进行详细的生理和分子分析，以确定光合参数对温室成长植物生长的影响。

项目成果

Natural variation in photosynthetic capacity, growth, and yield in 64 field-grown wheat genotypes.

• DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru253
• 发表时间: 2014-09
• 期刊: Journal of experimental botany
• 影响因子: 6.9
• 作者: Driever SM;Lawson T;Andralojc PJ;Raines CA;Parry MA
• 通讯作者: Parry MA

Phenotyping of field-grown wheat in the UK highlights contribution of light response of photosynthesis and flag leaf longevity to grain yield.

• DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx169
• 发表时间: 2017-06-15
• 期刊: Journal of experimental botany
• 影响因子: 6.9
• 作者: Carmo-Silva E;Andralojc PJ;Scales JC;Driever SM;Mead A;Lawson T;Raines CA;Parry MAJ
• 通讯作者: Parry MAJ

Prospects of doubling global wheat yields

• DOI: 10.1002/fes3.15
• 发表时间: 2013-05-01
• 期刊: FOOD AND ENERGY SECURITY
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Hawkesford, Malcolm;Araus, Jose-Luis;Parry, Martin
• 通讯作者: Parry, Martin

Increased SBPase activity improves photosynthesis and grain yield in wheat grown in greenhouse conditions.

• DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0384
• 发表时间: 2017-09-26
• 期刊: Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
• 作者: Driever SM;Simkin AJ;Alotaibi S;Fisk SJ;Madgwick PJ;Sparks CA;Jones HD;Lawson T;Parry MAJ;Raines CA
• 通讯作者: Raines CA

Transgenic tobacco plants with improved cyanobacterial Rubisco expression but no extra assembly factors grow at near wild-type rates if provided with elevated CO2.

• DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13098
• 发表时间: 2016-01
• 期刊: The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology
• 作者: Occhialini A;Lin MT;Andralojc PJ;Hanson MR;Parry MA
• 通讯作者: Parry MA