Science, Heritage, and Archaeology Digital 3D Labratory

科学、遗产和考古数字 3D 实验室

• 批准号: AH/X010252/1
• 负责人: Naomi Sykes
• 金额: $ 113.76万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FX010252%2F1
• 关键词: Science; Heritage; Archaeology; Digital; 3D

Archaeology is destructive - from excavation, through object handling, to sampling for biomolecular analyses (aDNA, lipid analysis, radiocarbon dates and isotope data). For this reason, 'preservation by record' has become a central ethos of the discipline. Yet, archaeologists have been slow to embrace digital humanities and most records continue to be based on numerical databases or 2-D photographs, exemplified by the Portable Antiquities Database https://finds.org.uk The Science, Heritage and Archaeology Digital 3D (SHArD 3D) Laboratory will focus on preserving bio-cultural heritage by 3D record. It will then analyse these records, using techniques such Geometric Morphometrics, to develop new understandings of biological and cultural change. With considerable institutional investment, Exeter has been gradually building its expertise in 3D modelling, microscopy and in particular Geometric Morphometric Analysis. However, since 2018, research demand has begun to outstrip both the available space and equipment. There is an urgent need to consolidate, strengthen and sustain our research capabilities which are actively integrating archaeological science, digital heritage and other strands of heritage-based research. The SHArD 3D project comprises upgrades in three strategic areas to enhance our facilities: 1) 3D Scanning By upgrading our 3D scanning equipment to newer systems, we will expand the size range of objects that can be scanned, providing the full spectrum from very small objects to large monumental features in excess of 160,000cm3, such as rock art, as well as excavation trenches, and crime scenes. With portable capability for in-the-field research, these scanners will assist in the recording, preservation and dissemination of heritage dataset of everything from indigenous rock art in the Americas to the creation of a 3D database of small finds for the Portable Antiquities Scheme. 2) microCT scannerThe addition of a microCT scanner will enable 3D non-destructive imaging of both external and internal features of archaeological and forensic bone, and material culture artefacts. There are few facilities in the UK which are suitable for the size range of objects required for cultural heritage collections, or which are optimised for archaeological materials research. This equipment would expedite the collection of 3D data for geometric morphometric analysis, and allow SHArD 3D to provide a new heritage facing microCT facility, the first in the Southwest, that we envisage will lead to exciting new collaborations with partners in the UK and internationally. 3) Confocal microscope Acquisition of confocal microscope will contribute to experimental archaeology coursework and research including supporting an already-funded PhD project on human dental microwear. This will cover a range of aspects of material culture research including gross morphology and microwear studies on lithics, organic impressions, experimental archaeology, and ancient technology experimentation. In partnership with the Portable Antiquities Scheme (PAS), these facilities will improve collections digitisation, and will represent an important step-change in the value of the PAS's 1.6 million cultural heritage finds. Partnership with forensic pathologists and commercial archaeology units also provides an opportunity to potentially support income through monetised assets.

考古学具有破坏性——从挖掘、物体处理到生物分子分析采样（aDNA、脂质分析、放射性碳年代测定和同位素数据）。因此，“记录保存”已成为该学科的核心精神。然而，考古学家在接受数字人文学科方面进展缓慢，大多数记录仍然基于数字数据库或 2D 照片，例如便携式古物数据库 https://finds.org.uk 科学、遗产和考古学数字 3D（ SHArD 3D）实验室将专注于通过3D记录保存生物文化遗产。然后，它将使用几何形态计量学等技术分析这些记录，以发展对生物和文化变化的新理解。通过大量的机构投资，埃克塞特大学逐渐建立了 3D 建模、显微镜，特别是几何形态分析方面的专业知识。然而，自 2018 年以来，研究需求已开始超过可用空间和设备。迫切需要巩固、加强和维持我们的研究能力，积极整合考古科学、数字遗产和其他基于遗产的研究。 SHArD 3D 项目包括三个战略领域的升级，以增强我们的设施： 1) 3D 扫描 通过将我们的 3D 扫描设备升级到更新的系统，我们将扩大可扫描物体的尺寸范围，提供从小物体到全谱的扫描超过 160,000 立方厘米的大型纪念性景观，例如岩石艺术以及挖掘沟渠和犯罪现场。这些扫描仪具有用于现场研究的便携式功能，将有助于记录、保存和传播从美洲土著岩石艺术到为便携式古物计划创建小发现的 3D 数据库等各种遗产数据集。 2) microCT扫描仪增加microCT扫描仪将能够对考古和法医骨骼以及物质文化文物的外部和内部特征进行3D无损成像。英国几乎没有适合文化遗产收藏所需物品尺寸范围或针对考古材料研究进行优化的设施。该设备将加快收集用于几何形态分析的 3D 数据，并使 SHArD 3D 能够提供西南地区首个面向传统的新型 microCT 设施，我们预计这将导致与英国和国际合作伙伴开展令人兴奋的新合作。 3) 共焦显微镜 购买共焦显微镜将有助于实验考古学课程和研究，包括支持已经资助的关于人类牙齿微磨损的博士项目。这将涵盖物质文化研究的一系列方面，包括石器的总体形态和微磨损研究、有机印象、实验考古学和古代技术实验。这些设施与便携式古物计划 (PAS) 合作，将改善藏品数字化，并将代表 PAS 的 160 万件文化遗产发现物的价值发生重大变化。与法医病理学家和商业考古单位的合作也提供了通过货币化资产潜在支持收入的机会。