EXERCISE PRESSOR RESPONSES AND THE BRAINSTEM

运动加压反应和脑干

• 批准号: 3074172
• 负责人: GARY A. IWAMOTO
• 金额: $ 4.83万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-02-01 至 1992-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3074172
• 关键词: baroreceptors; brain mapping; brain stem; cardiovascular system; cats; chemoreceptors; decerebration; dorsal raphe nucleus; electrophysiology; exercise; histochemistry /cytochemistry; medulla oblongata; microinjections; muscle contraction; neurotransmitters; reflex; reticular formation; single cell analysis; solitary tract nucleus; sympathetic nervous system

Isometric muscular exercise causes increases in heart rate, blood pressure and ventilation. At least part of this response is reflexly evoked. This reflex may be conveniently studied in acute animal models utilizing stimulation of cut ventral roots to achieve muscular contraction which in turn evokes a cardiovascular response similar in many ways to that observed during isometric exercise. This reflex is often called the "exercise pressor reflex" as a convenient operational definition. The proposed research will investigate the specific location, electrophysiological response characteristics and immunocytochemical properties of cells which may contribute to the reflex. Brainstem areas for study includes: (a) caudal ventrolateral medulla including the area in or near the lateral reticular nucleus (LRN), (b) the nucleus ambiguus (NA), (c) rostral ventrolateral medulla including the areas analogous to the C1 area in the rat, and (d) medial medulla including the raphe nuclei, the "dorsomedial pressor region", the nucleus of the tractus solitarius and the inferior olive. The cells of these areas will be evaluated for responses to: (1) muscular contraction, (2) baroreceptor input, (3) chemoreceptor input, (4) stimulation of the "subthalamic locomotor area", or "defence area", and also will be evaluated for (5) contribution to sympathetic or parasympathetic outflow, and (6) neurotransmitter content and effects of various neurotransmitters. It is thought that a fundamental reciprocal inhibition relationship might exist between the muscular contraction-evoked pressor reflex and various depressor reflexes; and therefore, key points in both types of reflexes will be studied. The analysis techniques will include the use of 1) both extra and intracellular single cell electrical recording 2) immunocytochemical labelling and 3) microinjection and microiontophoresis to identify various transmitter substances. The studies will yield a further understanding of processes underlying pressor reflexes and their reciprocal relationship with depressor reflexes. Furthermore, the techniques of immunocytochemical labelling, intracellular recording and microiontophoresis are areas for career development training.

等距肌肉运动导致心率增加，血液 压力和通风。 此响应的至少一部分是反射的 唤起。 这种反射可以方便地研究急性动物 利用刺激切割腹根的模型实现 肌肉收缩反过来唤起心血管 与等距期间观察到的响应相似 锻炼。 这种反射通常被称为“运动式压力反射” 作为方便的操作定义。 拟议的研究将 研究特定位置，电生理反应 细胞的特征和免疫细胞化学特性 可能有助于反射。 脑干研究领域包括： （a）尾腔外侧髓质，包括 侧面网状核（LRN），（b）歧义核（Na），（c） 腹侧外侧髓质，包括类似于类似的区域 大鼠中的C1区域，（d）内侧髓质包括raphe 核，“背部压力区域”，核的核 Tractus Solitarius和下橄榄。 这些区域的细胞 将评估以下响应：（1）肌肉收缩，（2） 压力感受器的输入，（3）化学感受器输入，（4）刺激 “丘脑下运动区”或“防御区”，也将是 评估（5）对交感神经或副交感神经的贡献 流出，（6）各种神经递质的含量和影响 神经递质。 人们认为是基本的倒数 抑制关系可能存在 收缩诱发的压力反射和各种抑郁症反射； 因此，将研究两种反射类型的关键点。 分析技术将包括使用1）额外和 细胞内单细胞电气记录2） 免疫细胞化学标记和3）显微注射和 微孔液疗法以鉴定各种发射器物质。 研究将进一步了解过程 基础施加反射及其与之相互关系 压抑反射。 此外， 免疫细胞化学标记，细胞内记录和 微观噬菌体是职业发展培训的领域。