NORMAL & IMPAIRED TEMPORAL PROCESSING OF COMPLEX SOUNDS

普通的

• 批准号: 2872129
• 负责人: Soren Buus
• 金额: $ 19.25万
• 依托单位: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-02-01 至 2000-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2872129
• 关键词: attention; audiometry; auditory discrimination; auditory stimulus; auditory threshold; behavioral /social science research tag; cues; human subject; loudness; mathematical model; model design /development; noise; perceptual maskings; psychoacoustics; psychological models; psychometrics; sensorineural hearing loss; sound frequency

Our long-term objective is to formulate quantitative models of auditory perception in both normal and impaired hearing. Such models improve our understanding of normal and impaired auditory processes. They also aid significantly in providing better diagnostic tools for hearing Impairment and better rehabilitation of hearing-impaired listeners. The proposed project aims to investigate how the auditory system processes time- varying excitation patterns and forms multiband decision rules to perceive loudness, roughness, and modulation patterns (envelopes) of complex sounds. Because the Input to these processes is conceived as originating from excitation patterns, the proposed work provides further testing of the concept that excitation patterns and multi-band decision rules provide a general framework for quantitative modeling of normal and impaired hearing. Model predictions will be compared to psychoacoustic data obtained in forced-choice experiments with cochlearly impaired listeners and with normal listeners tested in the quiet and under Equivalent-Threshold Masking, ETM. ETM is produced by presenting a continuous masker that is spectrally shaped to produce thresholds equal to those of an impaired listener. These experiments also will provide an extensive set of sorely needed data on auditory processing of brief amplitude fluctuations, which is an important prerequisite for the perception of speech. The specific aims of the experiments are: i) To test the hypothesis that the loudness contribution of stimulus components at threshold increases with threshold and is greater than zero even for components that are below their thresholds in isolation, loudness matches will be obtained between pure tones and multitone complexes in the quiet and under two levels of masking. 2) To test the hypothesis that temporal integration for loudness depends on level and has a simple relation to the internal intensity code, loudness matches between tones of different durations will be obtained as a function of level and frequency. 3) To test the hypothesis that the perceived magnitude of roughness is inversely related to temporal integration for loudness, roughness matches between partially masked amplitude-modulated tones will be obtained as a function of level and frequency of the carrier tones. 4) To test the hypothesis that across-channel processing facilitates the perception of relatively fast, partially correlated envelope fluctuations in different frequency regions, psychometric functions for envelope-frequency discrimination and roughness matches will be obtained with noise bands produced by filtering a sinusoidally amplitude modulated broadband noise. All these experiments are motivated by specific models of the auditory system and discrimination processes in it, but regardless of our models' success, the data obtained in the proposed project will add significantly to our understanding of normal and impaired hearing and will be important for the development and testing of general models for the processing of dynamic signals by the auditory system.

我们的长期目标是制定听觉的定量模型 正常和听力受损的感知。这样的模型改善了我们的 了解正常和受损的听觉过程。他们也有帮助 在提供更好的听力障碍的诊断工具方面显着 以及更好地康复听力受损的听众。提议 项目旨在调查听觉系统如何处理时间 - 不同的激发模式和形式的多频道决策规则 感知响度，粗糙和调制模式（信封） 复杂的声音。因为这些过程的输入被认为是 源于激发模式，拟议的工作提供了进一步的作品 测试激发模式和多波段决策的概念 规则为正常和 听力受损。模型预测将与心理声学进行比较 在有力的障碍的强制选择实验中获得的数据 听众和普通听众在安静的下面测试 等效阈值掩蔽，Etm。 ETM是通过呈现的 连续的掩蔽器，其频谱形状产生相等的阈值 对于那些受损的听众的人。这些实验还将提供 大量有关简介听觉处理的巨大需要的数据 振幅波动，这是重要的先决条件 言语的感知。实验的具体目的是：i） 检验刺激成分的响度贡献的假设 在阈值时，随着阈值的增加，即使 孤立的阈值低于其阈值的组件，响度匹配 将在安静的纯音和多音调复合物之间获得 并在两个级别的掩盖范围内。 2）检验时间序列的假设 响度的集成取决于水平，并且与 内部强度代码，响度匹配不同的音调 持续时间将是水平和频率的函数。 3）到 检验以下假设，即认为的粗糙度是 与响度的时间整合成反比，粗糙度匹配 在部分掩盖的振幅调制的音调之间将获得 载体色调的水平和频率的函数。 4）测试 跨渠道处理的假设有助于感知 相对较快，部分相关的包膜波动在不同 频率区域，信封频率的心理测量功能 噪声带将获得歧视和粗糙度匹配 通过过滤正弦振幅调制宽带噪声而产生。 所有这些实验都是由听觉的特定模型激励的 其中的系统和歧视过程，但是无论我们的模型如何 成功，在拟议项目中获得的数据将大大增加 符合我们对正常听力和受损的理解，将很重要 用于开发和测试一般模型的处理 听觉系统的动态信号。