Publication and Dissemination of The Fallow Deer Project

小鹿计划的出版和传播

• 批准号: AH/H005722/1
• 负责人: Naomi Sykes
• 金额: $ 3.15万
• 依托单位: University of Nottingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FH005722%2F1
• 关键词: Publication; Dissemination; Fallow; Deer; Project; Publication; Dissemination; Fallow; Deer; Project

Visit any stately home and somewhere on the grounds you are likely to find a herd of European fallow Deer (Dama dama dama). Undoubtedly an elegant and iconic sight, they are also one of natural history's puzzles because despite their modern distribution, and despite their name, European fallow deer are not of European origin: they are native to Anatolia, where the species became restricted during the last Ice Age (c. 40,000-10,000 years ago). It is clear from archaeological artefacts, iconography and the remains of the animals themselves that the spread of D. d. dama from Anatolia was entirely due to human transportation and that fallow deer held a unique semi-domestic position within each of the societies responsible for their movement: for instance the cultures of the Balkan Neolithic, Bronze Age Aegean (Mycenaean, Minoan), Iron Age Greece and Gaul, and the Roman, Byzantine and Norman Empires. More opaque are the questions of when, how quickly, by what mechanisms and, perhaps most importantly, why fallow deer were transported from their homeland. To address these issues and thereby gain important insights into past patterns of human migration, trade and social ideology, I have undertaken a two-year interdisciplinary project to examine the natural/social history of fallow deer. The project's results are challenging the 'received wisdom' about the species and providing a more nuanced appreciation of its role in European cultures dating between 4500 B.C. and A.D. 1450. Research leave is sought to bring these results to the consciousness of researchers, students and the general public with the following outputs: 1) Sykes, Baker, Hoelzel, Masseti and Vernasi 'Re-writing the natural history of fallow deer: new insights from ancient DNA', Journal of Archaeological Science. The project has produced new ancient DNA results that challenge established beliefs about the species' evolutionary biology. This paper will contextualise these results using evidence from modern fallow deer populations.2) Sykes, 'The origins and spread of European fallow deer', Mammal Review. This article will present a refined model for fallow deer (and thus human) migration, based on zooarchaeological records for fallow deer in Europe and the Near East. 3) Sykes and Cullen, 'Deer and deer hunting in Anglo-Saxon England: the evidence from zooarchaeology and place-names', Antiquaries Journal. This article will redress the erroneous information concerning the natural/social history of fallow deer that has recently come into circulation within the academic literature.4) Data collected during the project will be published on an up-dated version of the project's existing website. This will be a vital resource for zooarchaeological researchers.5) Sykes, 'Rituals and relics: the cultural significance of fallow deer in Europe 4500 B.C. to AD 1450', Environmental Archaeology. As both living animals and as body parts, fallow deer have been incorporated into expressions of social and religious identity. This article will examine the mechanisms and motivation for these acts.6) Sykes, 'The presence and cultural significance of game reserves in Roman Britain', Landscapes.Fallow deer have influenced the development of Europe's landscape and this article will demonstrate the interpretative potential of fallow deer research for landscape studies. 7) Sykes and Allen 'Animal invaders: the social history of introduced fauna in southern England', Sussex Archaeological Collections.The project has been supported by the Sussex Archaeological Society, the partner in my AHRC-funded collaborative doctoral award 'Animalscapes and Empire'. Written together with the collaborative student, this paper will disseminate the results of both projects.It is intended that publication of the project will provide a research platform from which to launcha major investigation into the species with international collaboration.

参观任何庄严的家，在您可能会找到一群欧洲休闲鹿（Dama Dama Dama）的地方。毫无疑问，它们也是一种优雅而标志性的景象，它们也是自然历史的难题之一，因为尽管它们的现代发行，但欧洲休耕鹿并不是欧洲的起源：它们原产于Anatolia，该物种在最后一个冰河时代受到限制（c。40,000-10,000，000年前）。从考古伪影，肖像和动物本身的遗体中可以清楚地看出。来自安纳托利亚的达玛完全归因于人类的运输，而休耕的鹿在每个负责其运动的社会中都具有独特的半遗产地位：例如，巴尔干新石器时代的文化，青铜时代的爱琴海（Mycenaean，Minoan，Minoan，Minoan，Minoan），铁器时代的Greece和Gaul和Gaul，以及Gaul，以及Roman，以及Roman，Byzantine and byzantine and byzantine and byanan anderan anderan anderan sipiles。更不透明的问题是，何时，何时，有多速度，通过哪种机制，也许最重要的是，为什么要从他们的家园运送下来的鹿。为了解决这些问题，从而获得了对过去移民，贸易和社会意识形态过去模式的重要见解，我进行了为期两年的跨学科项目，以研究休养鹿的自然/社会历史。该项目的结果挑战了有关该物种的“收到的智慧”，并对其在公元前4500年之间的欧洲文化中的作用提供了更加细微的欣赏。和公元1450年。寻求研究假，将这些结果带给研究人员，学生和公众的意识：1）Sykes，Sykes，Sykes，Baker，Hoelzel，Masseti，Masseti和Vernasi重新写下了Fallow Deer的自然历史：来自古代DNA的新见解'，《古代DNA》，《考古学杂志》。该项目产生了新的古老DNA结果，挑战了对该物种进化生物学的信念。本文将使用现代休养鹿种群的证据对这些结果进行环境。2）赛克斯，“欧洲休耕鹿的起源和传播”，哺乳动物评论。本文将基于欧洲和近东的动物考古记录，介绍为家庭鹿（以及人类）迁移的精致模型。 3）赛克斯和库伦，《英格兰盎格鲁撒克逊人的鹿和鹿：来自Zooarchaeology and Plote-Name的证据》，《 Antiquaries Journal》。本文将纠正有关最近在学术文献中流通的休闲鹿的自然/社会历史的错误信息。4）该项目期间收集的数据将在该项目现有网站的上日版本上发布。这将是动物考古学研究人员的重要资源。5）Sykes，“仪式与文物：欧洲休耕鹿的文化意义，公元前4500年。至1450'，环境考古学。作为活的动物和身体部位，休耕鹿已被纳入社会和宗教身份的表达中。本文将研究这些行为的机制和动机。6）Sykes，“在罗马英国的游戏储量的存在和文化意义”，景观。坠落鹿影响了欧洲景观的发展，本文将证明Fallow Deer研究对景观研究的解释潜力。 7）赛克斯和艾伦“动物入侵者：英格兰南部引入动物群的社会历史”，苏塞克斯考古收藏。该项目得到了我AHRC资助的合作博士学位奖的苏塞克斯考古学学会的支持。本文将与合作学生一起编写，将传播这两个项目的结果。该项目的出版物将提供一个研究平台，从该平台开始，通过国际协作来对该物种进行重大调查。