MICROSTIMULATION OF THE LUMBOSACRAL SPINAL CORD- MAPPING

腰骶脊髓映射的微刺激

• 批准号: 2879503
• 负责人: Warren M. Grill
• 金额: $ 33.13万
• 依托单位: CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-30 至 2001-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2879503
• 关键词: afferent nerve; bioengineering /biomedical engineering; biomedical equipment development; biomedical equipment safety; cats; clinical biomedical equipment; efferent nerve; interneurons; knee; lumbosacral region; male; microelectrodes; motor neurons; neuromuscular stimulator; penis erection; somatic afferent nerve; spinal cord; spinal cord injury; spinal cord mapping; urinary tract prosthesis

The objective of this research is to explore the safety and effectiveness of microstimulation of the spinal cord. If successful, such a technique could be part of a prosthesis to restore genito- urinary, bowel, and other motor functions to victims of spinal cord injury. Information from spinal cord microstimulation studies is especially needed by designers of neural prostheses for paraplegic individuals who have sustained injuries to their spinal cords above the lumbosacral region. In particular, evidence from current studies indicate that is possible to selectively excite neurons innervating the bladder detrusor muscle while simultaneously stimulating interneurons which have inhibitory synaptic connections with neurons innervating the external urethral sphincter. Likewise, discrete control of penile erection, ejaculation, bowel evacuation, and control of the somatic musculature of the limbs may be possible by selective spinal cord microstimulation below the level of spinal cord injury. Current contract research has provided information about the locations of afferent and efferent neurons as well as interneurons controlling urinary function in the cat spinal cord using both normal and spinalized animals. Limited mapping has also been performed on the neurons that control erection in the male cat. The current contract research is also studying the possibility of controlling, by spinal cord microstimulation, the somatic musculature of individuals paralyzed as the result of spinal cord injuries. As an initial feasibility study, the locations of the neurons controlling the flexors and extensors of the knee are being mapped. Microstimulation of these mapped areas has demonstrated activation of both knee flexors and extensors. The present research will provide more detailed maps, and will determine quantitatively, the degree of motor control of paralyzed muscles that can be produced by microstimulation of the lumbosacral spinal cord.

这项研究的目的是探索安全性和 脊髓微刺激的有效性。 如果成功， 这样的技术可能是修复Genito-的假体的一部分 向脊髓受害者的尿，肠和其他电动机功能 受伤。 来自脊髓微刺激研究的信息是 神经假体设计师特别需要截瘫 在其上方受伤的人 腰椎区域。 特别是目前研究的证据 表明可以选择性地激发神经支配的神经元 同时刺激中间神经元的膀胱弯曲肌肉 具有与神经元支配的抑制性突触连接 外尿道括约肌。 同样，对阴茎的离散控制 勃起，射精，排便和躯体控制 选择性脊髓可能会有可能的四肢肌肉 微刺激低于脊髓损伤的水平。 当前的合同研究提供了有关地点的信息 传入和传染性神经元以及控制中神经元的 使用正常和脊柱的猫脊髓中的尿功能 动物。 在神经元上也进行了有限的映射 雄猫的控制勃起。 当前的合同研究也是 研究控制的可能性，脊髓 微刺激，个体的体细胞肌肉瘫痪为 脊髓损伤的结果。 作为最初的可行性研究， 控制屈肌和伸缩的神经元位置 膝盖被映射。 这些映射区域的微刺激 表现出膝盖屈肌和伸肌的激活。 现在 研究将提供更详细的地图，并确定 定量，瘫痪肌肉的运动控制程度 可以通过微刺激腰脊髓产生。