NEUROBEHAVIORAL CORRELATES OF MENTAL STRESS ISCHEMIA

精神应激缺血的神经行为相关性

• 批准号: 2705152
• 负责人: Robert Soufer
• 金额: $ 48.98万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-01 至 2003-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2705152
• 关键词: angers; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; coronary disorder; dobutamine; echocardiography; electrocardiography; emotions; environmental stressor; gender difference; human subject; myocardial ischemia /hypoxia; neuropsychological tests; positron emission tomography; psychological stressor; stress

DESCRIPTION: Despite significant gains in diagnosis and treatment, coronary artery disease remains the primary cause of death and disability in the United States. The search for causes other than standard risk factors has led to the study of mental stress and psychological factors. This search has revealed a phenomenon which the investigators call mental stress ischemia. Mental stress ischemia occurs in 50 percent of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), is associated with poor prognosis, and is predicted by the presence of specific psychological profiles; the mechanisms of this ischemic syndrome remains unknown. Research to date has identified hemodynamic and neuroendocrine processes as important physiologic correlates of mental stress ischemia. A model for the transduction of environmental stimulation (such as stressful mental demand) into clinically significant endpoints (such as mental stress ischemia) for patients identified as at risk due to psychological traits (such as anger and hostility) of necessity, requires the elucidation of the role played by the central nervous system (CNS). The investigators believe that the psychological traits of anger and hostility serve as markers for a susceptibility to heightened activation of cognition and emotion related CNS pathways, under the conditions of environmental demand represented by laboratory mental stress tasks. Thus, specific aim #1 will identify, using PET imaging, regional CNS activation during mental stress ischemia (as detected with simultaneous echocardiography). The investigators hypothesize that mental stress ischemia is associated with heightened activation of cognition and emotion related CNS pathways during laboratory mental stress. Their second specific aim will examine the relationship between these CNS processes and the psychological traits of anger and hostility. They hypothesize that the susceptibility represented by anger and hostility can be observed directly in the CNS through dynamic imaging of cognition and emotion related pathways during mental stress ischemia, using PET imaging. Such studies would provide important insight into how mental stress and psychologically related emotional experiences provoke ischemia, and provide an independent physiologic marker (CNS) for individuals with trait anger and hostility who are at risk for this mental stress ischemia. The investigators believe that this work will contribute towards an integrative model of psychological and neurobiologic factors of mental stress ischemia and provide the basis of mental stress testing for diagnosis, prognosis, and the development of new behavioral and pharmacologic therapies.

描述： 尽管在诊断和治疗方面取得了显着增长，但冠状动脉动脉 疾病仍然是统一死亡和残疾的主要原因 国家。 搜索除标准风险因素以外的其他原因已导致 研究精神压力和心理因素。 此搜索 已经揭示了一种现象，调查人员称之为精神压力 缺血。精神压力缺血发生在50％ 冠状动脉疾病（CAD）与预后不良有关，并且 由特定的心理概况预测；这 这种缺血综合征的机制仍然未知。 迄今为止的研究 已经确定血液动力学和神经内分泌过程很重要 精神压力缺血的生理相关性。 转导环境刺激的模型（例如 压力性精神需求）到临床上重要的终点（例如 精神压力缺血）对于由于 必要的心理特征（例如愤怒和敌意）， 需要阐明中枢神经的角色 系统（CNS）。 调查人员认为心理特征 愤怒和敌意是对易感性的标志 认知和情感相关的CNS途径的激活增强， 在实验室代表的环境需求条件下 精神压力任务。 因此，特定目标＃1将使用宠物识别 成像，精神压力缺血期间的区域中枢神经系统激活（AS 通过同时超声心动图检测）。 调查人员 假设精神压力缺血与增强有关 认知和情感相关的CNS途径的激活 实验室精神压力。他们的第二个特定目标将检查 这些中枢神经系统过程与心理特征之间的关系 愤怒和敌意。 他们假设易感性 可以直接在中枢神经系统中观察到以愤怒和敌意为代表 通过对认知和情感相关途径的动态成像 精神压力缺血，使用宠物成像。 这样的研究将为精神压力和如何 与心理相关的情感经历促进缺血，并 为患有 特质的愤怒和敌意，他们有这种精神压力的风险 缺血。 调查人员认为这项工作将做出贡献 建立心理和神经生物学因素的综合模型 精神压力缺血并提供心理压力测试的基础 用于诊断，预后以及新行为的发展 药理学疗法。