TOO FEW HOURS--TIME PRESSURES AND WELL BEING

时间太少——时间压力与健康

• 批准号: 2841736
• 负责人: SUSAN ROXBURGH
• 金额: $ 6.1万
• 依托单位: KENT STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-04-01 至 2001-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2841736
• 关键词: alcoholic beverage consumption; behavioral /social science research tag; community; data collection methodology /evaluation; depression; family structure /dynamics; gender difference; human population study; human subject; interpersonal relations; interview; leisure; mathematical model; mental health; occupations; parents; physiologic stressor; population survey; quality of life; recreation; role; sleep deprivation; social psychology; socioeconomics; volunteer

In the U. S. since 1970, hours of paid labor have risen, while vacation time, sick leave and paid absences have decreased (Leete-Guy and Schor 1993). Shifts in the economy, and in the nature of work, and changes in family life, suggest that time pressures and constraints have increased in both the work role and in family roles (Hochschild 1997). Studies indicate a decline in day-to-day leisure and a reduction in hours of sleep and vacation time (Schor 1992). An increase in the subjective experience of feeling rushed (Robinson and Godbey 1997), and a decline in the subjective sense of available time for family and leisure (Harris 1987, Hochschild) have also been found. In spite of increasing interest in time pressures and time constraints (Libbus et al. 1995, Hochschild 1997, Jacobs and Gerson 1997, Levine 1997, Robinson and Godbey 1997), no work has focused on the impact of these experiences on well-being. In order to address this issue, the proposed project has four goals. First, to examine the demographic predictors of time pressure, urgency, and constraints. Do these subjective experiences differ by gender, by number of roles (partner, parent, community volunteer), or by occupation and income? A second goal is to develop an understanding of the utility and significance of psychosocial resources as moderators of the relationship between role demands and time pressures. Do resources in the work role and in home roles moderate the impact of role demands on time pressures? The third goal of this study is to examine the extent to which sense of time pressure, urgency and constraints predicts well-being, measured as depression and alcohol use. Does 'time shortage' mediate the relationship between role demands and well-being? A fourth goal is to examine gender differences in the impact of time pressures on well-being. A random telephone survey of the 22 counties forming Northeast Ohio, with a final sample of 1000 is proposed. Data analytic strategies include descriptive analysis, regression analysis, hierarchical regression analysis, and structural equation modeling.

自 1970 年以来，美国的带薪劳动时间有所增加，而假期 时间、病假和带薪缺勤有所减少（Leete-Guy 和 Schor 1993）。 经济、工作性质的转变和变化 在家庭生活中，表明时间压力和限制 工作角色和家庭角色都增加了（Hochschild 1997）。 研究表明，日常休闲时间减少， 睡眠时间和休假时间（Schor 1992）。 增加了 感觉匆忙的主观体验（Robinson 和 Godbey 1997），以及 与家人相处的时间的主观感觉下降 休闲（Harris 1987，Hochschild）也被发现了。 尽管 对时间压力和时间限制越来越感兴趣（Libbus et 等人。 1995 年，霍克希尔德 1997 年，雅各布斯和格尔森 1997 年，莱文 1997 年，罗宾逊 和 Godbey 1997），没有任何工作关注这些经历的影响 关于福祉。 为了解决这个问题，拟议的项目 四个目标。 首先，检查时间的人口预测因素 压力、紧迫性和约束。 这些主观体验 因性别、角色数量（伴侣、父母、社区）而异 志愿者），还是按职业和收入？ 第二个目标是发展 了解社会心理的效用和意义 资源作为角色需求之间关系的调节者 时间压力。 在工作角色和家庭角色中使用资源 缓和角色需求对时间压力的影响？ 第三个进球 这项研究的目的是检验时间压力感的程度， 紧迫性和限制预示着幸福感，以抑郁和抑郁来衡量 酒精的使用。 “时间短缺”是否会调节角色之间的关系 需求和福祉？ 第四个目标是检查性别差异 时间压力对幸福感的影响。 随机电话一部 对俄亥俄州东北部 22 个县进行的调查，得出最终样本 建议为 1000。 数据分析策略包括描述性策略 分析、回归分析、层次回归分析、 结构方程建模。