INTERMUSCULAR COORDINATION OF MAMMALIAN MOVEMENT

哺乳动物运动的肌间协调

• 批准号: 2714432
• 负责人: FELIX E ZAJAC
• 金额: $ 31.08万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1982
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1982-07-01 至 1999-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2714432
• 关键词: biomechanics; computer simulation; electromyography; human subject; leg; limb movement; model design /development; psychomotor function

Our overall goal is to understand muscle coordination of the human lower limbs. Muscle coordination is constrained by both the mechanics of the motor task and the ability of the nervous system to generate muscle activity patterns. Our past work has focused on how the biomechanical constraints of the musculoskeletal system and its interaction with the environment impact muscle coordination. The role of computer models has been important to our studies on multijoint lower limb motor tasks (jumping, posture, walking, pedaling). These computer models, based on mechanics and physiological concepts, have been pivotal to the formalization of biomechanical principles, which must be accounted for in the neural strategy controlling the motor task. The focus in this next project period is on how the nervous system generates muscle activity patterns to control interleg coordination. Emphasis is placed on the identification of the nervous system constraints and how sensory information from the ipsilateral and contralateral legs is used. The constraints to be considered are muscle synergies (i.e., similar excitation of different muscles in the same limb) and interlimb synergy coupling (i.e., exultation of synergies in the two legs to be alternating or in-phase). Pedaling a stationary ergometer is a motor task well suited to the study of interleg multijoint muscle coordination. Our past work on pedaling biomechanics and muscle coordination suggests that the ability to pedal can be realized by grouping all the muscles in each leg into three agonist-antagonist synergy pairs, where the two synergies of each pair alternate with each other in the crank cycle and with their counterparts m the other leg. A simple conceptual model of how sensory information of position and motion is used to phase the synergies is being proposed. Backward and forward pedaling, initiation of pedaling, and servomotor- assisted one-legged pedaling (where the other, mechanically-decoupled leg is either stationary or moving, and either passive or active) will be studied to develop these concepts of muscle synergies, interlimb synergy coupling, and afferent control. The computer sensorimotor control model to be developed will provide a framework for the diagnosis and rehabilitation of persons with neurological impairments of the lower limbs.

我们的总体目标是了解人类较低的肌肉协调 四肢。肌肉协调受到两者的限制 运动任务和神经系统产生肌肉的能力 活动模式。我们过去的工作重点是生物力学 肌肉骨骼系统的限制及其与 环境影响肌肉协调。计算机模型的作用具有 对于我们对多期下肢运动任务的研究很重要 （跳跃，姿势，步行，踏板）。这些计算机模型，基于 力学和生理概念对 生物力学原理的形式化，必须在 控制运动任务的神经策略。 在下一个项目期间的重点是神经系统如何 产生肌肉活动模式以控制白痴协调。 重点放在神经系统约束的识别上 以及来自同侧和对侧腿的感官信息如何 用过的。要考虑的约束是肌肉协同作用（即相似 在同一肢体中激发不同肌肉的激发 耦合（即，两条腿的协同作用令人振奋 或同相）。 踩踏固定测力计是一项非常适合研究的运动任务 白痴多牙肌协调。我们过去在踏板方面的工作 生物力学和肌肉协调表明踏板的能力 可以通过将每条腿的所有肌肉分为三个来实现 激动剂 - 抗Antagonist协同对效应，每对的两个协同作用 在曲柄周期和同行中彼此交替 另一只腿。一个简单的概念模型，讲述了如何感官信息 位置和运动用于分阶段提出的协同作用。 向后和向前的踏板，踏板的启动和伺服电机 - 辅助一脚踏板（另一个机械腿均匀的腿 是静止的或移动的，被动或活跃的是 研究以发展这些肌肉协同作用的概念，Interb Synergy 耦合和传入控制。计算机感觉运动控制模型 开发将为诊断和康复提供一个框架 下肢神经障碍的人的