PROKARYOTIC SWARM CELL DIFFERENTIATION & PHOTOPERCEPTION

原核群体细胞分化

• 批准号: 2681474
• 负责人: CARL Eugene BAUER
• 金额: $ 18.69万
• 依托单位: TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-08-01 至 2002-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2681474
• 关键词: Halobacteriaceae; Rhodospirillum; cell differentiation; chemotaxis; cilium /flagellum motility; nonvisual photoreceptor; nonvisual photosensitivity; nucleic acid sequence; polymerase chain reaction; virulence

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the applicants abstract): This proposal is centered on an investigation of swarm cell differentiation and photoperception by the bacterium Rhodospirillum centenum. This species differentiates from a cell type that has a single polar flagellum used for motility in liquids into a multiflagellated swarm cell which is capable of rapid motility on solid surfaces. The applicant's studies have demonstrated that R. Centenum has a unique mechanism of solid surface perception and subsequent induction of swarm cell differentiation. To study this process, differentiation mutants will be characterized. Motility mutants of the pathogenic bacteria Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella, Campylogbacter jejuni and Helicobacter pylori are know to be significantly less virulent than wild type cells. Swarm cell differentiation mutants of Proteus mirabilis have also been shown to be defective in their ability to infect the bladder or kidney. These results indicate that motility and conversion to swarm cells is an important virulence determinant for some pathogens. Information obtained from this study could therefore have significant practical implications regarding the invasiveness of pathogenic microorganisms. R. Centenum swarm cell colonies also exhibit the remarkable ability to rapidly migrate toward or away from light. Since many mutants obtained in the study of swarm cell differentiation are defective in photosensory perception, this allows us to genetically dissect the process of light perception. Photosynthetic microorganisms are capable of forming massive blooms in aqueous environments where light, temperature, oxygenicity and nutrients are optimal, with several species producing toxic metabolites that can cause deadly threats to humans and animals. Analysis of light-driven colony motility thus has broad implications for the study of photosensory motility exhibited by a variety of motile bacteria.

描述（根据申请人摘要改编）：此提案是 集中于研究群体分化和 杜鹃螺皮细菌的光接收。 这个物种 与具有单个极性鞭毛的细胞类型区分开 液体中的运动性进入多弹性的蜂群，能够 固体表面上的快速运动。 申请人的研究表明 r。centenum具有固体表面感知的独特机制和 随后诱导群细胞分化。 为了研究这个过程， 分化突变体将被表征。 运动突变体 致病细菌弧菌霍乱，沙门氏菌，弯曲杆菌的空肠和 幽门螺杆菌比野生幽门幽门 类型单元格。 Proteus mirabilis的群细胞分化突变体具有 还显示出其感染膀胱或 肾。 这些结果表明运动和转化为群细胞 是某些病原体的重要毒力决定因素。 信息 因此，从这项研究中获得的可能具有很大的实用性 关于致病微生物的侵入性的影响。 Centenum蜂群细胞菌落也表现出显着的能力 迅速向光线迁移或远离光线。 由于许多突变体在 群体分化的研究在光感上有缺陷 感知，这使我们能够基因剖析光的过程 洞察力。 光合微生物能够形成大量 在灯光，温度，氧合和水的水性环境中开花 营养是最佳的，有几种产生有毒代谢物的物种 可能对人类和动物造成致命威胁。 光驱动分析 因此，菌落运动对光感研究具有广泛的影响 各种运动细菌表现出运动性。