SYNAPTIC FUNCTION IN PHOTORECEPTORS OF A VERTEBRATE EYE

脊椎动物眼睛光感受器的突触功能

• 批准号: 2710816
• 负责人: ERIC A SCHWARTZ
• 金额: $ 30.43万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1982
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1982-03-01 至 1999-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2710816
• 关键词: Chelonia; Urodela; alternatives to animals in research; aquatic organism; calcium channel; catfish; cone cell; confocal scanning microscopy; cyclic AMP; cyclic GMP; electrophysiology; exocytosis; fluorescent dye /probe; horizontal cell; ionophores; neural transmission; neurotransmitter transport; neurotransmitters; rod cell; synapses; tissue /cell culture; visual photoreceptor; voltage /patch clamp

The research program continues to be a study of synaptic mechanisms that operate in the outer synaptic layer of the vertebrate retina. Projects will be continued on calcium-dependent transmitter release, carrier- mediated transmitter release, and the modulation of electrical transmission. Projects related to synaptic transmission are: 1. Compare the voltage dependence of the calcium current in photoreceptors with the voltage dependence of exocytosis. 2. Determine the spatial distribution for calcium entry into a photoreceptor inner segment during depolarization. 3. Determine the Ca-dependence and voltage-dependence for the transfer of information in each direction across the reciprocal synapse between a cone and a horizontal cell. 4. Determine the Ca- dependence for the transfer of information at basal synapses between adjacent cones. 5. Determine the Ca-dependence and voltage-dependence for the transfer of information at basal synapses between cones and bipolar cells. 6. Characterize the modulation by cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP of gap junction channels that connect horizontal cells. In addition, the technology for optically imaging the activity of many cells simultaneously will be developed. 7. The pathway of activity from a photoreceptor to the ganglion cells will be compared for a stimulus that begins in a rod or in a cone. Cellular activity will be imaged with dyes sensitive to intracellular ion concentrations and membrane voltage using a confocal microscope and digital image processing.

该研究计划继续是对突触机制的研究 在脊椎动物视网膜的外部突触层中运行。项目 依赖钙的发射器释放，载体 - 将继续 介导的发射器释放和电气调制 传播。与突触传输有关的项目是：1。比较 感光体中钙电流的电压依赖性 胞吐作用的电压依赖性。 2。确定空间分布 在钙进入光感受器内部细分市场中 去极化。 3。确定CA依赖性和电压依赖性 跨每个方向的信息传递 锥体和水平细胞之间的突触。 4。确定CA- 在基础突触之间转移信息之间的依赖性 相邻锥。 5。确定CA依赖性和电压依赖性 锥和双极之间的基础突触中信息的传递 细胞。 6。通过循环AMP和GMP的调制表征 连接水平细胞的连接通道。 此外，光学成像许多活动的技术 细胞同时开发。 7。从感光器到神经节细胞的活性途径 将在杆或锥体中开始的刺激进行比较。 细胞活性将用对细胞内离子敏感的染料成像 使用共聚焦显微镜和膜电压和膜电压 数字图像处理。

项目成果

Evidence for the identification of synaptic transmitters released by photoreceptors of the toad retina.

识别蟾蜍视网膜光感受器释放的突触递质的证据。

• DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1983.sp014497
• 发表时间: 1983
• 期刊: The Journal of physiology
• 作者: Miller,AM;Schwartz,EA
• 通讯作者: Schwartz,EA

Calcium-independent release of GABA from isolated horizontal cells of the toad retina.

蟾蜍视网膜分离水平细胞中 GABA 的钙依赖性释放。

• DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1982.sp014069
• 发表时间: 1982
• 期刊: The Journal of physiology
• 作者: Schwartz,EA

Synaptic transmission without calcium.

突触传递无需钙。

• DOI: 10.1016/0168-0102(86)90077-5
• 发表时间: 1986
• 期刊: Neuroscience research. Supplement : the official journal of the Japan Neuroscience Society
• 作者: Schwartz,EA

Synaptic transmission in amphibian retinae during conditions unfavourable for calcium entry into presynaptic terminals.

在不利于钙进入突触前末梢的条件下，两栖动物视网膜的突触传递。

• DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1986.sp016160
• 发表时间: 1986
• 期刊: The Journal of physiology
• 作者: Schwartz,EA