FUNCTIONAL SUBDIVISIONS OF AUDITORY BRAINSTEM

听觉脑干的功能细分

• 批准号: 2014403
• 负责人: ELLEN COVEY
• 金额: $ 14.89万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-09-30 至 2000-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2014403
• 关键词: Chiroptera; aminoacid inhibitor; auditory nuclei; auditory pathways; auditory stimulus; brain stem; gamma aminobutyrate; glycine; hearing; immunocytochemistry; inferior colliculus; iontophoresis therapy; neural facilitation; neural information processing; neural inhibition; neuroanatomy; neuronal transport; sonar; sound frequency; voltage /patch clamp

Temporal pattern analysis is crucial for hearing. Echolocating bats use temporal patterns to determine the distance of objects and to identify insect prey. For humans, temporal patterns are a fundamental aspect of music and speech. Previous work shows that neurons in the nuclei of the lateral lemniscus (NLL) integrate inputs from lower brainstem auditory nuclei. This work also indicates that the process of integration results in transformations of the acoustic signal that may be important for analyzing the temporal pattern of sound. The broad aim of the proposed work is to examine the relationship between signal transformations in the NLL and behavior based on temporal patterns of sound, and to investigate the circuitry responsible for the observed transformations. These experiments will be conducted in the big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus, an animal with highly differentiated subdivisions in the NLL. The specific aims are: 1. To characterize responses of NLL neurons to temporal patterns of sound with well-documented behavioral correlates; 2. To Identify behaviorally relevant transformations that occur at the NLL by comparing the responses of NLL neurons with those of neurons in the cochlear nucleus, using the same set of stimuli as in (1); 3. To identify mechanisms for signal transformation and temporal processing by pharmacological blocking of inputs to NLL; 4. To identify the sources of GABAergic and glycinergic inhibitory inputs to NLL using combined retrograde labeling and immunohistochemistry; 5. To examine possible connections among NLL subdivisions that may contribute to signal transformations. The proposed research is intended to provide new insight into the broad issues of how and why the multiple parallel and serial auditory pathways of the brainstem interact with one another and how the various transformations that are accomplished relate to behaviors that depend on analysis of temporal patterns. It is likely that the results of these experiments will be widely applicable to mammalian hearing. Understanding how temporal patterns are analyzed in the auditory system could provide insight not only into mechanisms for hearing, but into general mechanisms that operate in all neural systems dealing with patterns of time-varying information.

时间模式分析对于听力至关重要。使用蝙蝠的回声 时间模式以确定对象的距离并识别 昆虫猎物。对于人类，时间模式是 音乐和演讲。先前的工作表明，神经元中的神经元 外侧lemniscus（NLL）整合了脑干下听觉的输入 核。这项工作还表明集成过程结果 在声学信号的转换中可能很重要 分析声音的时间模式。拟议的广泛目的 工作是检查信号转换之间的关系 基于声音的时间模式的NLL和行为，并调查 负责观察到的转换的电路。这些 实验将在大棕色蝙蝠eptesicus fuscus中进行 NLL中具有高度分化细分的动物。具体 目的是：1。表征NLL神经元对时间的反应 有据可查的行为相关的声音模式； 2 确定通过行为相关的转换。 比较NLL神经元与神经元的反应 耳蜗核，使用与（1）中相同的刺激集； 3。识别 信号转换和时间处理的机制 对NLL输入的药理阻止； 4。确定来源 使用合并的GABA能和糖抑制抑制作用 逆行标签和免疫组织化学； 5。检查可能 NLL细分之间的连接可能有助于信号 转型。拟议的研究旨在提供新的见解 进入如何以及为什么多个平行和序列的广泛问题 脑干的听觉途径相互作用，以及如何 完成的各种转变与行为有关 取决于时间模式的分析。结果很可能 这些实验中将广泛适用于哺乳动物的听力。 了解在听觉系统中如何分析时间模式 不仅可以提供对听力机制的见解，而且可以提供 在所有处理的神经系统中运作的一般机制 随时间变化的信息模式。