Characterizing the primary olfactory subregions of the human amygdala

表征人类杏仁核的主要嗅觉分区

• 批准号: 10594449
• 负责人: Christina Maria Zelano
• 金额: $ 43.28万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-02-01 至 2026-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10594449
• 关键词: Accessory Olfactory Bulbs; Address; Affect; Algorithms; Amygdaloid structure; Anatomy; Anterior; Anxiety Disorders; Area; Behavior; Brain; Brain region; Cause of Death; Cell Nucleus; Clinical; Clinical Protocols; Clinical Research; Code; Data; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Disease; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology (science); Emotional; Event; Exhibits; Fiber; Food; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Goals; Human; Lateral; Measures; Medial; Mediating; Methods; Odors; Olfactory Cortex; Olfactory Pathways; Olfactory tract; Patients; Pattern; Play; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Property; Psychophysics; Reproducibility; Research; Resolution; Rest; Rodent; Role; Series; Signal Transduction; Smell Perception; Structure; Techniques; Temporal Lobe Epilepsy; Testing; Time; experimental study; neural; neuroimaging; novel; olfactory bulb; social; sudden unexpected death in epilepsy

Several subregions of the human amygdala receive direct projections from the olfactory bulb, yet the functional and anatomical properties of these olfactory projections are not well understood. Rodent studies have begun to shed light on the functions of some of these olfactory amygdala subregions in mediating olfactory-guided social and approach/avoid behaviors. However, there are significant differences in the projections from the olfactory bulb to the amygdala between species. For example, in rodents, the medial amygdala receives highly dense fibers from the accessory olfactory bulb. In stark contrast, humans lack an accessory olfactory system entirely. There are also other apparent differences in the specific amygdalar targets of main olfactory bulb projections between species, although these targets have not been well-characterized in humans, further highlighting the need for human studies in this area. The goal of this proposal is to characterize the anatomical and functional properties of the olfactory projections into the human amygdala. We will take a multifaceted approach, combining functional neuroimaging, electrophysiology and stimulation, which will strengthen the reproducibility and rigor of our findings. The goal of Aim 1 is to anatomically and functionally localize the primary olfactory cortical regions of the human amygdala. At the structural level, we will use a novel new multi- shot diffusion-weighted imaging sequence to localize olfactory projections into amygdala subregions. At the functional level, we will use resting fMRI combined with k-means clustering algorithms to parcellate amygdalar subregions based on distinct whole-brain functional connectivity profiles, and event-related fMRI to functionally localize odor-responsive subregions of the amygdala. The goal of Aim 2 is to shed light on the roles of distinct amygdala subregions in olfactory perception. We will use event-related fMRI to acquire high-resolution multivariate signals from the amygdala during olfactory perceptual tasks. The goal of Aim 3 is to assess the necessity of the amygdala subregions in olfactory perception. We will use intracranial EEG techniques to measure different olfactory perceptual decisions during clinician-delivered, clinically prescribed, disruptive electrical stimulation directly into the human amygdala. The proposed studies will provide a detailed characterization of the functional and anatomical properties of an under-studied group of amygdala subregions, including the medial nucleus of the amygdala, the cortical amygdala and the periamygdaloid cortex. Recent studies suggest these anterior and medial amygdala areas may play a role in sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP), which is the leading cause of death in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and has no known cause or treatment. Furthering our understanding of the functional and structural properties of these brain regions has strong clinical importance for these patients.

人类杏仁核的几个子区域接收来自嗅球的直接投射，但功能性的 这些嗅觉投射的解剖学特性尚不清楚。啮齿动物研究已经开始 揭示了其中一些嗅觉杏仁核次区域在调节嗅觉引导的社交中的功能 以及接近/避免行为。然而，嗅觉的预测存在显着差异。 物种之间的球状杏仁核。例如，在啮齿动物中，内侧杏仁核接收高密度 来自附属嗅球的纤维。与此形成鲜明对比的是，人类完全缺乏辅助嗅觉系统。 主要嗅球投射的特定杏仁核目标也存在其他明显差异 尽管这些目标在人类中尚未得到很好的表征，但进一步强调了物种之间 需要在这一领域进行人类研究。该提案的目标是描述解剖学和 嗅觉投射到人类杏仁核的功能特性。我们将采取多方面的措施 方法，结合功能神经影像学、电生理学和刺激，这将加强 我们的研究结果的可重复性和严谨性。目标 1 的目标是从解剖学和功能上定位 人类杏仁核的初级嗅觉皮质区域。在结构层面，我们将采用一种新颖的新型多 拍摄扩散加权成像序列，将嗅觉投射定位到杏仁核亚区域。在 功能层面，我们将使用静息功能磁共振成像结合 k 均值聚类算法来分割杏仁核 基于不同的全脑功能连接概况和事件相关的功能磁共振成像的子区域 定位杏仁核的气味反应分区。目标 2 的目标是阐明不同的角色 杏仁核次区域的嗅觉感知。我们将使用事件相关的功能磁共振成像来获取高分辨率 在嗅觉感知任务期间来自杏仁核的多变量信号。目标 3 的目标是评估 杏仁核次区域在嗅觉感知中的必要性。我们将使用颅内脑电图技术 测量临床医生交付的、临床规定的、破坏性的不同嗅觉感知决策 电刺激直接进入人体杏仁核。拟议的研究将提供详细的 一组正在研究的杏仁核亚区域的功能和解剖特性的表征， 包括杏仁核内侧核、杏仁核皮质和杏仁核周围皮质。最近的 研究表明，这些前部和内侧杏仁核区域可能在突然意外死亡中发挥作用。 癫痫（SUDEP），是颞叶癫痫患者死亡的主要原因，目前尚无 已知原因或治疗。进一步加深我们对这些物质的功能和结构特性的理解 大脑区域对于这些患者具有很强的临床重要性。