Creating Peace: community-based youth violence prevention to address racism and discrimination

创造和平：预防社区青少年暴力，解决种族主义和歧视问题

基本信息

批准号：
10551804
负责人：
Elizabeth Miller
金额：
$ 56.98万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-05-24 至 2025-01-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10551804
关键词：
19 year old Absenteeism Address Adolescent Adult Affect Age Attention Attitude Behavior Black church Burundi Characteristics Chronic Disease Church Communities Coping Skills County Data Democratic Republic of the Congo Disadvantaged Discrimination Education Effectiveness Elements Employment Opportunities Evidence based intervention Exclusion Exposure to Female Adolescents Fostering Friends Funding Gender Health Homicide Hour Incidence Inequity International Interpersonal Violence Intervention Investments Justice Law Enforcement Law Enforcement Officers Leadership Libraries Life Male Adolescents Mental Health Murder Neighborhoods Not Hispanic or Latino Occupations Outcome Outcome Assessment Participant Pennsylvania Performance Policy Maker Prevention Prevention program Process Race Racial Segregation Racial injustice Randomized Randomized, Controlled Trials Reporting Resources Risk Risk Factors Sampling School-Age Population Schools Series Social Class Social support Support Groups Surveys Testing Time Training Trauma United States United States Dept. of Health and Human Services Violence Work Youth adolescent health aged arm boys child protective service community setting community violence comparison control comparison intervention design economic disparity effectiveness evaluation effectiveness testing ethnic minority experience fighting gender difference gender-based violence girls gun violence healing help-seeking behavior high school implicit bias improved innovation interest leadership development loved ones man marginalization minority children peace peer physical assault poor sleep prevent preventive intervention primary outcome programs protective factors racial minority racism recruit relationship abuse response restoration secondary outcome sexual identity sexual relationship sexual violence skill acquisition skills skills training sleep quality social social disparities substance use survivorship urban setting violence perpetration violence prevention violence victimization weapon carrying youth violence youth violence prevention

项目摘要

In response to RFA-MD-18-005, “Youth Violence Prevention Interventions that Incorporate Racism Discrimina- tion Prevention,” this proposed study will examine, via a cluster-randomized controlled trial, the effectiveness of a trauma-focused, gender-transformative youth violence prevention program that integrates racism and dis- crimination prevention. In the United States, racial/ethnic minority youth are disproportionately impacted by vio- lence, with higher rates of homicide, physical assaults, and school fights than non-Hispanic Whites, most com- monly within neighborhoods with concentrated social and economic disadvantage and high levels of gun vio- lence. While a growing number of youth violence prevention programs are incorporating structural interventions to address the limited educational and employment opportunities for youth in marginalized neighborhoods, few have directly addressed gender and racial injustice as a modifiable factor in youth violence prevention. The proposed community partnered study will examine the effectiveness of a program for youth violence prevention titled “Creating Peace” (CP). Through 12 sessions (3 hours/session) over 6 to 12 weeks in a group format with activities that explore race, gender, sexual identity, and social class, the program will support participants in healing from experiences of trauma by restoring social connections, challenging gender norms that foster vio- lence perpetration, and practicing positive bystander intervention skills to intervene safely with peers' disre- spectful and harmful behaviors. Youth leadership skills are nurtured in the latter part of the program, where youth will offer guidance to law enforcement officers in a process of social restoration. The study will be in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (PA) across 24 lower-resource neighborhoods, randomized to receive either CP (n=12) or the control intervention (n=12) (job skills development). Partnerships from the Pittsburgh community include Black churches, youth-serving agencies, law enforcement, juvenile justice, child protective services, schools, health department, human services as well as policy makers. At 3 months after the program (Time 2), compared to youth (ages 14-18) in control neighborhoods, youth in CP are expected to demonstrate: greater reduction in recent violence perpetration (primary outcome); fewer number of times carrying a weapon in past 30 days (secondary); increased positive bystander behaviors (secondary); decreased experiences of bias- based discrimination (exploratory) (Aim 1). Surveys at 9 months after end of program will assess whether CP results in sustained improvements in these same outcomes (Time 3; final n = 1440), compared to controls (Aim 2). We will explore whether baseline risk and protective factors (e.g., homicide survivorship, social supports) may interact with the intervention to predict changes in outcomes of interest (i.e., how intervention outcomes may differ across groups) (Aim 3). Finally, we will explore impact of the bias-based discrimination prevention component on law enforcement officers who participate in the restorative practice sessions with youth (Aim 4).

针对 RFA-MD-18-005，“纳入种族主义歧视的青少年暴力预防干预措施预防”，这项拟议的研究将通过整群随机对照试验来检验预防措施的有效性一个以创伤为重点、性别变革的青年暴力预防计划，该计划将种族主义和歧视结合起来在美国，少数种族/族裔青年受到暴力的影响尤为严重。因此，与非西班牙裔白人相比，杀人、人身攻击和校园斗殴的发生率更高，大多数人仅在社会和经济劣势集中且枪支暴力严重的社区内尽管越来越多的青少年暴力预防计划正在纳入结构性干预措施。为了解决少数民族社区青年教育和就业机会有限的问题，很少有人直接解决了性别和种族不公正问题，将其作为预防青少年暴力的一个可改变因素。拟议的社区合作研究将审查青年暴力预防方案的有效性题为“创造和平”(CP)，通过为期 6 至 12 周的 12 场会议（每场 3 小时）以小组形式进行。该计划将支持探索种族、性别、性认同和社会阶层的活动通过恢复社会联系、挑战促进暴力的性别规范来治愈创伤经历行为，并练习积极的旁观者技能干预，以安全地干预同伴的不尊重青少年的领导技能是在该计划的后半部分培养的。该研究将在社会恢复过程中为执法人员提供指导。宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡 (PA) 的 24 个资源匮乏社区随机接受任一 CP (n=12) 或控制干预 (n=12)（来自匹兹堡社区的合作伙伴关系）。包括黑人教堂、青年服务机构、执法部门、少年司法、儿童保护服务、学校、卫生部门、公共服务部门以及政策制定者在计划结束后 3 个月（时间 2），与对照社区的青少年（14-18 岁）相比，CP 的青少年预计会表现出：近期暴力行为减少（主要成果）；过去携带武器的次数减少 30 天（次要）；积极的旁观者行为增加（次要）；基于歧视（探索性）（目标 1）的调查将在项目结束后 9 个月评估是否存在 CP。与对照组相比，这些相同的结果（时间 3；最终 n = 1440）得到持续改善（目标 2) 我们将探讨基线风险和保护因素（例如凶杀幸存者、社会支持）。可能与干预相互作用以预测感兴趣结果的变化（即干预结果如何不同群体之间可能有所不同）（目标 3）最后，我们将探讨基于偏见的歧视预防的影响。执法人员参与青少年恢复性实践课程的内容（目标 4）。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（1）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Measures of Racism and Discrimination in Preterm Birth Studies.

早产研究中的种族主义和歧视措施。

DOI：
发表时间：
2023-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Balascio, Phoebe;Moore, Mikaela;Gongalla, Megha;Regan, Annette;Ha, Sandie;Taylor, Brandie D;Hill, Ashley V
通讯作者：
Hill, Ashley V