Exploratory studies of spontaneous cortical activity in visual cortical development

视觉皮层发育中自发皮层活动的探索性研究

基本信息

批准号：
10527992
负责人：
MARCOS G FRANK
金额：
$ 22.95万
依托单位：
WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-09-01 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10527992
关键词：
Adult Age Animals Brain Child Control Animal Development Developmental Process Exploratory/Developmental Grant Eye Ferrets Goals Human Image Infant Investigation Mammals Maps Measurement Measures Methods Microscopy Modernization Neonatal Neurobiology Neurons Optics Pattern Polysomnography Property Psychotropic Drugs REM Sleep Recommendation Research Research Project Grants Risk Role Shapes Sleep Sleep Disorders Source Structure System Techniques Testing Time V1 neuron Visual Visual Cortex Visual evoked cortical potential Visual system structure area striata awake calcium indicator cortex mapping experience experimental study in vivo infancy insight neuronal patterning non rapid eye movement novel optogenetics orientation selectivity perinatal period relating to nervous system response sleep abnormalities vision development visual processing

项目摘要

Summary Our overall goal is to investigate developmental processes in visual cortex (V1) that do not require visual experience but are instead influenced by endogenous neuronal activity. This initial experience-independent stage of development is critically important for the formation of rudimentary circuits that are subsequently sculpted by visual experience. Neonatal mammals spend most of their time in rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep, which suggests that this brain state provides a principal source of endogenous activity to the developing brain. This idea has not been explored in depth using current neurobiological methods. The proposed exploratory research will thus provide important new insights into how sleep and experience together shape developing circuitry and how abnormal sleep during infancy may adversely impact brain development. To achieve our goal, we will measure V1 activity in developing ferrets to determine if spontaneous activity in REM sleep is structured in a manner that may instruct or maintain developing circuits. We will then directly test the role of REM sleep V1 activity in the development of visual response properties. This will be accomplished using a combination of polysomnography, genetically encoded calcium indicator imaging and optogenetics (optimized for small mammals). This A1 proposal has been revised in accordance with recommendations from prior review.

概括我们的总体目标是研究不需要视觉的视觉皮层 (V1) 的发育过程经验，而是受到内源性神经元活动的影响。这种最初的经验独立发育阶段对于随后的基本电路的形成至关重要由视觉经验雕刻而成。新生哺乳动物大部分时间都处于快速眼动（REM）状态睡眠，这表明这种大脑状态为发育中的大脑提供了内源性活动的主要来源脑。目前的神经生物学方法尚未深入探讨这一想法。拟议的因此，探索性研究将为睡眠和体验如何共同塑造提供重要的新见解。电路的发育以及婴儿期睡眠异常如何可能对大脑发育产生不利影响。到为了实现我们的目标，我们将测量发育中雪貂的 V1 活动，以确定 REM 中的自发活动是否睡眠的结构可以指导或维持正在发育的神经回路。然后我们就直接测试 REM 睡眠 V1 活动在视觉反应特性发展中的作用。这将实现结合使用多导睡眠图、基因编码钙指示剂成像和光遗传学（针对小型哺乳动物进行了优化）。本 A1 提案已根据建议进行了修订事先审查。