Role of the microbiome of the schistosome snail host

血吸虫宿主微生物组的作用

基本信息

批准号：
10511904
负责人：
Frederic David Chevalier
金额：
$ 24.75万
依托单位：
TEXAS BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-05-26 至 2024-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10511904
关键词：
16S ribosomal RNA sequencing Animals Bacteria Bacterial Infections Biology Biomphalaria Blood Caliber Cellulose Coculture Techniques Communities Culicidae Data Development Disease Environment Environmental Risk Factor Essential Amino Acids Exposure to Feminization Food Fresh Water Gardenal Genotype Germ-Free Goals Growth Health Hemolymph Hepatopancreas Human body Individual Infection Insect Vectors Intervention Invertebrates Knowledge Laboratories Laboratory culture Larva Lead Left Leishmania Measures Mediating Modification Mus Obesity Organ Parasites Parthenogenesis Phlebotominae Pigments Planet Earth Play Population Predisposition Production Resistance Ribosomal DNA Ribosomal RNA Role Sampling Schistosoma Schistosoma mansoni Schistosome Parasite Schistosomiasis Snails Sporocysts Sterility Testing Tissues Trypanosoma Tsetse Flies Vitamins Water Wolbachia aquarium computerized data processing density egg experimental study fitness gut microbiome infection rate life history malaria transmission microbial microbiome microbiome alteration microbiome composition microbiome research microbiome sequencing microorganism next generation sequencing novel prevent trait transmission process treatment group vector

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY The microbiome – the community of microorganisms that inhabit both the human body and that of multiple other animal phyla – is increasingly recognized to play an important role in many aspects of biology and as a key determinant of health and disease. In invertebrates, symbiotic bacteria are involved in synthesizing essential aminoacids or vitamins, in digesting cellulose, in protection against parasites, in feminization and parthenogenesis, and even in speciation. In insect vectors, there are multiple examples of interactions between resident microbiomes and parasites: the sandfly gut microbiome mediates Leishmania transmission, Wolbachia bacteria can disrupt malaria transmission in mosquitoes, while the microbiome of both reduviid bugs and tsetse flies mediates trypanosome infection. Our goal is to study the microbiome of the freshwater snail Biomphalaria, vector of schistosomiasis: six lines of evidence suggest a possible role for the microbiome in the Biomphalaria - Schistosoma mansoni interaction: (i) the snail hemolymph (blood), to which sporocyst stage schistosomes are continuously exposed, harbors a diverse microbiome, (ii) this microbiome is differentiated from other organ microbiomes and shows the greatest microbial diversity within snails, (iii) different laboratory snail populations have a distinctive microbiome composition, (iv) co-culture of different snail populations results in rapid change in microbiome composition, (v) snail genotypes from a single population that are resistant or sensitive to schistosome infection have distinctive microbiomes and (vi) schistosome infection results in altered microbiome composition. In specific aim 1 we will directly test the impact of microbiome on snail host development and schistosome parasite susceptibility. This will be done by generating germ-free snails, just as germ-free mice have been used to understand the direct role of the microbiome in obesity. Microbiomes are dynamic and may vary in composition and abundance due to environmental factors. These microbiome modifications can even lead to host health and fitness alterations. Specific aim 2 will focus on the impact of microbiome modification on snail host fitness using long term co-culture (or common garden) of snail populations carrying distinctive microbiomes. We will characterize sampled microbiomes using next generation sequencing of the 16S ribosomal DNA. This project will (i) provide fundamental information about microbiome dynamics and composition, (ii) determine the role of the microbiome in the snail-schistosome interactions and snail ftiness, and (iii) has strong potential to reveal new aspects of the snail-microbiome-parasite interaction that can be targeted by novel interventions.

项目概要微生物组——居住在人体和多种微生物体内的微生物群落其他动物门 - 人们越来越认识到它们在生物学的许多方面发挥着重要作用，并且作为在无脊椎动物中，共生细菌参与合成。必需氨基酸或维生素、消化纤维素、预防寄生虫、女性化和孤雌生殖，甚至在昆虫载体的物种形成中，存在多种相互作用的例子。常驻微生物组和寄生虫：白蛉肠道微生物组介导利什曼原虫传播，沃尔巴克氏菌可以破坏蚊子中的疟疾传播，而两种 reduviid 细菌的微生物组采采蝇介导锥虫感染。我们的目标是研究淡水蜗牛的微生物组。双脐动物，血吸虫病的媒介：六项证据表明微生物组在血吸虫病中可能发挥的作用双脐虫 - 曼氏血吸虫相互作用：(i) 蜗牛血淋巴（血液），进入孢子囊阶段血吸虫持续暴露，拥有多样化的微生物群，(ii) 该微生物群是分化的来自其他器官微生物组，并显示出蜗牛内最大的微生物多样性，（iii）不同的实验室蜗牛种群具有独特的微生物组组成，(iv) 不同蜗牛种群共培养结果在微生物组组成的快速变化中，(v) 来自单一种群的具有抗性或抗性的蜗牛基因型对血吸虫感染敏感的人具有独特的微生物组，并且 (vi) 血吸虫感染会导致在具体目标 1 中，我们将直接测试微生物组对蜗牛宿主的影响。发育和血吸虫寄生虫易感性这将通过产生无菌蜗牛来完成，就像一样。无菌小鼠已被用来了解微生物组在肥胖中的直接作用。动态的，并且由于环境因素，其成分和丰度可能会有所不同。修改甚至可能导致宿主健康和健身的改变。具体目标 2 将关注以下影响。使用蜗牛的长期共培养（或共同花园）对蜗牛宿主适应性进行微生物组修饰我们将使用下一代技术来表征样本微生物组。 16S 核糖体 DNA 测序该项目将 (i) 提供有关微生物组的基本信息。动力学和组成，(ii) 确定微生物组在蜗牛-血吸虫相互作用中的作用，以及蜗牛适应性，以及（iii）具有揭示蜗牛-微生物组-寄生虫相互作用新方面的巨大潜力可以通过新颖的干预措施来针对这一目标。