IP21-002, Enhanced Surveillance Network for Enteric and Respiratory Viruses in Children: Assessing Disease Burden, Natural History, and Vaccine Effectiveness

IP21-002，儿童肠道和呼吸道病毒的增强监测网络：评估疾病负担、自然史和疫苗有效性

• 批准号: 10469295
• 负责人: Geoffrey Alan Weinberg
• 金额: $ 193.6万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10469295
• 关键词: IP21; 002; Enhanced; Surveillance; Network

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT (COMPONENTS A, B and C): Viral acute respiratory infections (ARI) and acute gastroenteritis (AGE) remain major causes of morbidity in children, making vaccine development and implementation a high public health priority. The overall goal of the CDC New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN) is to establish a network of US institutions that develop and implement standard research protocols to answer important questions about the burden of disease and natural history of vaccine preventable diseases, specifically, those causing ARI and AGE. A second goal of population-based NVSN surveillance is to provide accurate estimates of vaccine effectiveness (VE) in preventing pediatric hospitalization or medical care visits. A third goal is the ability to rapidly pivot to study novel agents such as enterovirus-D68 (EV-D68) or SARS-CoV-2, and syndromes such as acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). The proposed work (comprising Mandatory Core A, and Optional Components B and C) will enhance the NVSN site in Rochester, NY—one of 2 original members of the now 7-site network. For 20 years we have published important studies on the burden of disease and natural history of AGE due to rotavirus and norovirus, and ARI due to influenza, (RSV), and other viruses. These data helped inform AAP and ACIP on pediatric influenza and rotavirus vaccination, and palivizumab use for RSV prevention. Our specific aims are:  Mandatory Core Component A: Perform prospective, population-based active surveillance for ARIs and AGEs in inpatient and ED settings as well as asymptomatic controls, for children 0-18 years. We will use molecular diagnostics for rotavirus, norovirus, influenza, RSV, PIV, EV-D68, SARS-CoV-2, and other viruses. We will assess VE for influenza, rotavirus, and future SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in preventing pediatric hospitalizations and ED visits. We will delineate the disease burden of ARI and AGE using our unique capture of virtually all pediatric hospitalizations and ED visits in our region. We will assess the impact of future vaccines and other immunoprophylaxis strategies. We will perform active surveillance and epidemiologic studies of acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) syndrome in children. Finally, we will perform and lead epidemiological, implementation and laboratory studies based on population-based NVSN surveillance.  Optional Component B: Implement active prospective population-based ARI/AGE surveillance studies in children seeking medical care in outpatient practices, as the burden of ARI and AGE are likely high.  Optional Component C: Investigate the incidence, spectrum of disease, and risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 MIS-C. Our proposed research will provide high impact information to develop sound policies for the prevention of pediatric vaccine-preventable diseases, and to improve the health of US children.

项目概要/摘要（组件 A、B 和 C）： 病毒性急性呼吸道感染（ARI）和急性胃肠炎（AGE）仍然是发病的主要原因 儿童，使疫苗的开发和实施成为公共卫生的一个高度优先事项。 CDC新疫苗监测网络（NVSN）将建立一个由美国机构组成的网络，这些机构开发 并实施标准研究方案来回答有关疾病负担和 疫苗可预防疾病的自然史，特别是引起 ARI 和 AGE 的疾病的第二个目标。 基于人群的 NVSN 监测旨在提供疫苗有效性 (VE) 的准确估计 防止儿科住院或就医的第三个目标是能够迅速转向学习。 肠道病毒-D68 (EV-D68) 或 SARS-CoV-2 等新型病原体，以及急性弛缓症等综合征 脊髓炎（AFM）和儿童多系统炎症综合征（MIS-C）。 拟议的工作（包括强制性核心 A、可选组件 B 和 C）将增强 位于纽约州罗彻斯特的 NVSN 站点，是目前拥有 7 个站点的网络的 2 个原始成员之一。 20 年来，我们一直致力于此。 发表了关于轮状病毒和 AGE 造成的疾病负担和自然史的重要研究 这些数据有助于为 AAP 和 ACIP 提供信息。 儿童流感和轮状病毒疫苗接种以及使用帕利珠单抗预防 RSV 的具体目标是：  强制性核心组成部分 A：对 ARI 和病毒进行前瞻性、基于人群的主动监测 我们将使用住院患者和急诊室以及无症状对照中 0-18 岁儿童的 AGE。 轮状病毒、诺如病毒、流感、RSV、PIV、EV-D68、SARS-CoV-2 和其他病毒的分子诊断。 我们将评估流感疫苗、轮状病毒疫苗和未来 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗在预防儿科方面的 VE 我们将使用我们独特的方法来描述 ARI 和 AGE 的疾病负担。 我们将评估该地区几乎所有儿科住院和急诊就诊的影响。 未来的疫苗和其他免疫预防策略我们将进行积极的监测和预防。 最后，我们将进行并领导儿童急性弛缓性脊髓炎（AFM）综合征的流行病学研究。 基于基于人群的 NVSN 监测的流行病学、实施和实验室研究。  可选部分 B：在以下地区实施积极的基于人群的前瞻性 ARI/AGE 监测研究 儿童在门诊寻求医疗护理，因为 ARI 和 AGE 的负担可能很高。 可选部分 C：调查与疾病相关的发病率、疾病谱和风险因素 SARS-CoV-2 MIS-C。 我们提出的研究将提供高影响力的信息，以制定健全的预防政策 儿科疫苗可预防疾病的研究，并改善美国儿童的健康。