Social Isolation and Discrimination as Stressors Influencing Brain-Gut Microbiome Alterations among Filipino and Mexican American

社会孤立和歧视作为影响菲律宾人和墨西哥裔美国人脑肠微生物组变化的压力源

• 批准号: 10376764
• 负责人: ARPANA GUPTA
• 金额: $ 77.44万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-01 至 2025-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10376764
• 关键词: Accelerometer; Address; Affect; Affective; Anatomy; Aromatic Amino Acids; Asian; Autonomic nervous system; Behavior; Behavioral; Biology; Blood specimen; Body mass index; Brain; Brain region; Calories; Cells; Chronic Disease; Clinical; Cognitive; Communication; Communities; Complex; Cues; Data; Desire for food; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Diet Records; Dietary Practices; Disease; Dopamine; Eating; Eating Behavior; Enrollment; Environmental Impact; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Exposure to; Feces; Feeding behaviors; Fibrinogen; Filipino American; Firmicutes Bacteroidetes ratio; Food; Functional disorder; Gene Expression Profile; Health; Heart Diseases; Hour; Hypothalamic structure; Immune; Inequality; Intervention; Knowledge; Kynurenine; Latinx; Lead; MRI Scans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Mediating; Metagenomics; Mexican; Mexican Americans; Neurologic; Obesity; Overweight; Palate; Participant; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Phenotype; Physical activity; Play; Positioning Attribute; Process; Public Health; Questionnaires; Race; Research; Research Support; Rewards; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Serum; Shotguns; Signal Pathway; Signal Transduction; Skin; Social Discrimination; Social isolation; Stress; Subgroup; Surveys; System; Systems Biology; Techniques; Testing; Tryptophan; Woman; advanced analytics; base; blood-brain barrier crossing; brain magnetic resonance imaging; craving; dietary; dysbiosis; environmental stressor; ethnic difference; ethnic minority; food consumption; gut microbes; gut microbiome; gut microbiota; gut-brain axis; health disparity; immune activation; learning strategy; machine learning method; metabolomics; microbial; microbiome; microbiome alteration; multiple data sources; neuroimaging; neurotransmission; novel; novel therapeutic intervention; obesity development; obesity risk; obesogenic; recruit; response; sex; social culture; social influence; social stressor; stool sample; stressor; supervised learning; unsupervised learning; waist circumference

ABSTRACT Obesity is a major public health problem that is related to a variety of illnesses, such as heart disease and diabetes. Prior research indicates that social stressors contribute to risk for obesity, possibly through alterations in diet and physical activity. However, it is not fully clear how these alterations contribute to obesity. In this study, we examine how the stressors of social isolation and discrimination are related to eating behaviors and dietary patterns, and further, how these behaviors affect the brain-gut-microbiome (BGM) axis. Our prior research has suggested that BGM alterations play an important role in the development of obesity. Our study focuses on Mexican and Filipina women because research shows that they encounter a high burden of obesity as well as exposure to social stressors. We will screen and enroll approximately 300 Mexican and Filipina women who will then provide information about social stressors via a survey, dietician-administered 24-hour food recall, measured anthropometrics (e.g. waist circumference), questionnaire data regarding diet and eating behaviors, and accelerometer data on physical activity. Stool and serum to determine microbial-related measures (16sRNA sequencing, shotgun metagenomics, and metabolomics), and MRI to assess brain alterations in the extended reward network will be collected. Advanced multivariate analytic techniques will be used to integrate data from multiple data sources (neuroimaging, microbiome and metabolite profiles, survey data, diet, and clinical/behavioral data). This analysis will determine the unique variance associated with ethnicity and social stressors in moderating eating behaviors and dietary patterns, and the BGM axis related to obesity. An integrated systems investigative approach such as the one proposed is a critical step to understanding the mechanisms contributing to obesity. Further the impact of how environmental stressors “get under the skin” and impact eating behaviors and diet patterns and the BGM axis is important in addressing health disparities in ethnic groups and in women. This premise guides the specific aims of this proposal: Aim A: We will phenotype the influence of stressors on brain signatures and eating patterns in obesity. Aim B: We will phenotype the influence of stressors on gut microbiome and metabolites in obesity. Aim C: We will apply advanced analytical techniques in order to determine ethnic differences in the influence of stressors on the BGM axis in obesity. The results of this study will provide novel information about a possible pathway whereby social stressors affect behavioral, neurological and microbiome mechanisms related to obesity risk. It will also provide new information in BGM patterns in two understudied ethnic groups. In the long term, this research may suggest possible approaches for intervention that may help reduce inequalities in obesity and related health problems.

抽象的 肥胖是一个主要的公共卫生问题，与多种疾病有关，例如心脏病 先前的研究表明，社会压力可能会导致肥胖风险。 然而，尚不清楚这些改变如何导致肥胖。 在这项研究中，我们研究了社会孤立和歧视的压力源如何与饮食相关 行为和饮食模式，以及这些行为如何影响脑-肠-微生物组 (BGM) 轴。 我们之前的研究表明 BGM 改变在肥胖的发生中发挥着重要作用。 我们的研究重点是墨西哥和菲律宾女性，因为研究表明她们面临着沉重的负担 肥胖以及暴露于社会压力。 我们将筛选并招募大约 300 名墨西哥和菲律宾女性，然后她们将提供 通过调查、营养师管理的 24 小时食物回忆、测量来获取有关社会压力源的信息 人体测量学（例如腰围）、有关饮食和饮食行为的问卷数据，以及 粪便和血清的加速度计数据，用于确定微生物相关指标（16sRNA） 测序、鸟枪法宏基因组学和代谢组学）和 MRI 来评估长期大脑变化 将使用先进的多变量分析技术来整合来自奖励网络的数据。 多种数据源（神经影像、微生物组和代谢物概况、调查数据、饮食和 临床/行为数据）该分析将确定与种族和社会相关的独特差异。 调节饮食行为和饮食模式的压力源，以及与肥胖相关的 BGM 轴。 综合系统调查方法（例如所提出的方法）是理解系统的关键一步 进一步了解环境压力因素如何“深入皮肤”的影响。 并影响饮食行为和饮食模式，BGM 轴对于解决不同地区的健康差异非常重要 这一前提指导了该提案的具体目标： 目标 A：我们将表现型。 压力源对肥胖患者大脑特征和饮食模式的影响 目标 B：我们将表型。 压力源对肥胖肠道微生物组和代谢物的影响目标 C：我们将应用先进的分析技术。 技术以确定压力源对肥胖 BGM 轴影响的种族差异。 这项研究的结果将提供有关社会可能途径的新信息 压力源会影响与肥胖风险相关的行为、神经和微生物机制。 从长远来看，这项研究可能会在两个被研究的种族群体中提供背景音乐模式的新信息。 建议可能的干预方法，有助于减少肥胖和相关健康方面的不平等 问题。