Colorectal tumorigenesis on a cricket powder-based diet versus diets based on more typical protein sources

基于蟋蟀粉的饮食与基于更典型蛋白质来源的饮食的结直肠肿瘤发生

基本信息

批准号：
10368084
负责人：
JOEL B MASON
金额：
$ 7.55万
依托单位：
TUFTS UNIVERSITY BOSTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-03-08 至 2023-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10368084
关键词：
Adult Agriculture American American Cancer Society Amino Acids Animal Model Attenuated Biochemical Chemoprevention Colorectal Colorectal Cancer Colorectal Neoplasms Consensus Consumption Data Developed Countries Diet Dietary Fats Domestic Fowls Fatty acid glycerol esters Flour Food Fresh Water Funding Goals Gryllidae Insecta International Agencies Kilogram Laboratories Link Malignant Neoplasms Mammals Meat Milk Modeling Molecular North America Nutritional Obesity Palate Pathway interactions Play Powder dose form Preventive Processed Meats Production Property Proteins Public Health Research Risk Risk Factors Rodent Model Role Smoking Solid Source System Taste Perception Texture Traction United Nations World Health Organization anticancer research base cancer prevention cancer risk colon carcinogenesis colon tumorigenesis colorectal cancer prevention colorectal cancer risk cost dietary experimental study greenhouse gases high risk mouse model novel novel strategies nutritional approach preservation soy systematic review tumorigenesis

项目摘要

Although some debate continues over the precise strength of the scientific evidence, there remains a strong consensus that habitual consumption of processed meat is a prominent causal risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). Two recent systematic reviews have concluded that each additional 50 gram serving/day of processed meat conveys an 18-23% increased risk, a figure highly relevant to U.S. adults whose mean daily consumption of processed meat is 50-60 grams. Substituting a modest proportion of that meat with an alternative protein source with lesser risk could therefore have a major impact on reducing the societal burden of CRC. Although an important protein source in many cultures for centuries, only recently have select insect species begun to gain traction as an acceptable protein source in North America. Cricket powder, comprised of ground, whole roasted crickets, can be incorporated into many foodstuffs with little or no discernible change in taste, making it an excellent candidate for acceptance in a culture naïve to entomophagy. Moreover, not only is its protein content very high, but qualitatively it is a complete protein. Further, cricket powder’s unique array of physiochemical features indicate it may possess cancer-preventive properties. Nevertheless an examination of insect-based foodstuffs for the purpose of cancer prevention has never before been explored, so the scope of this exploratory proposal is highly consistent with the spirit of the R03 mechanism. Achieving protein requirements through entomophagy has the further advantage of promoting sustainable agriculture, a longstanding goal of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. We hypothesize that in a well-accepted animal model of CRC, tumorigenesis will be diminished by a diet whose protein is largely derived from cricket powder compared to one whose protein is derived from processed meat, and will be non-inferior to the tumorigenesis observed with diets whose protein is derived from the conventional non-meat sources, dairy and soy. Our long-term goal is to identify a novel approach to CRC prevention that is effective, non-invasive, well- tolerated, and low cost, and thus will have wide application both domestically and globally. A secondary long- term goal is to promote sustainable food systems. We propose to conduct a study in a murine model of obesity- promoted colorectal carcinogenesis to: 1) determine whether substitution with cricket powder attenuates the enhanced risk of colorectal neoplasia that accompanies the habitual consumption of processed meat, 2) examine whether tumorigenesis generated by a cricket powder-based diet is non-inferior to diets whose protein is derived from soy flour or whole milk solids, and 3) begin to delineate the biochemical, molecular, and cytokinetic pathways by which a cricket-powder based diet generates less tumorigenesis than a processed meat one. My laboratory has successfully pursued a wide array of research topics in the nutritional chemoprevention of colorectal carcinogenesis in various animal models for over 25 years, providing us with all the necessary expertise to conduct the proposed study expeditiously and with scientific rigor.

尽管关于科学证据的确切强度的一些争论仍在继续，但仍然存在强有力的证据人们一致认为，习惯性食用加工肉类是结直肠癌的一个重要危险因素 (CRC) 最近的两项系统审查得出的结论是，每天每增加 50 克加工食品。肉类带来的风险增加 18-23%，这一数字与平均每日消费量的美国成年人高度相关加工肉类的用量为 50-60 克，用替代蛋白质替代适量的肉类。因此，风险较小的来源可能对减轻结直肠癌的社会负担产生重大影响。尽管几个世纪以来在许多文化中都是重要的蛋白质来源，但直到最近才选择了昆虫物种开始在北美作为一种可接受的蛋白质来源受到关注，由磨碎的、整个烤蟋蟀，可以掺入许多食品中，味道几乎没有或没有明显的变化，使其成为在对昆虫食素不熟悉的文化中被接受的绝佳候选者。蛋白质含量非常高，但从质量上讲，它是一种完整的蛋白质，此外，蟋蟀粉的独特系列。然而，理化特征表明它可能具有预防癌症的特性。用于预防癌症的昆虫食品尚未被探索过，因此其范围这一探索性的提议与R03机制的精神高度一致。通过食虫来满足需求还具有促进可持续农业的优势，我们通过广为接受的动物模型来实现这一目标。与结直肠癌相比，蛋白质主要来自蟋蟀粉的饮食将减少肿瘤发生与从加工肉类中提取的蛋白质相比，并且不亚于观察到的肿瘤发生饮食中的蛋白质来自传统的非肉类来源、乳制品和大豆。我们的长期目标是找到一种有效、非侵入性、良好的预防结直肠癌的新方法。耐受性好，成本低，因此在国内和国际上都有广泛的应用。我们的长期目标是促进可持续的粮食系统，并建议在小鼠肥胖模型中进行研究。促进结直肠癌的发生：1) 确定用蟋蟀粉替代是否会减弱习惯性食用加工肉类会增加结直肠肿瘤的风险，2) 检查以蟋蟀粉为基础的饮食所产生的肿瘤发生是否不劣于源自蛋白质的饮食从大豆粉或全脂乳固体中提取，3) 开始描述生化、分子和细胞因子基于蟋蟀粉的饮食比加工肉类饮食产生更少的肿瘤发生的途径。该实验室已成功地在营养化学预防方面开展了广泛的研究课题。在各种动物模型中研究结直肠癌发生超过 25 年，为我们提供了所有必要的信息快速进行拟议研究和科学研究的专业知识。